The Great Steel Strike and its LessonsFoster, William Z.
History
The Great Steel Strike and its Lessons
Foster, William Z.
Steel Strike, U.S., 1919-1920; United States Steel Corporation
After a couple of weeks the organizers returned to Johnstown. Their
efforts at holding the men together were so fruitful that the Cambria
Company, in its own offices, organized a new mob to drive them out
again. But this time, better prepared, they stood firm. On November 29,
when the fresh deportation was to take place, Secretary Conboy demanded
that Mayor Francke give him and the others protection. He offered to
furnish the city a force of 1000 union ex-service men to preserve law
and order. This offer was refused, and the Mayor and Sheriff reluctantly
agreed to see that peace was kept. They informed the business men's mob
that there was nothing doing. It was a tense situation. Had the
threatened deportation been attempted, most serious trouble would surely
have resulted.
In the meantime numbers of the State Constabulary had been sent into
town (the city and county authorities denying responsibility for their
presence) and they terrorized the workers in their customary, brutal
way. Eventually the result sought by all this outlawry developed; a
break occurred in the ranks of the highly-paid, skilled steel workers.
Although small at first, the defection gradually spread as the weeks
rolled on, until, by January 8, about two-thirds of the men had returned
to work.
* * * * *
Considered nationally, strike sentiment continued strong until about the
middle of the third month, when a feeling of pessimism regarding the
outcome began to manifest itself among the various international
organizations. Consequently, a meeting of the National Committee was
held in Washington on December 13 and 14, to take stock of the
situation. At this meeting I submitted the following figures:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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