The Great Steel Strike and its LessonsFoster, William Z.
History
The Great Steel Strike and its Lessons
Foster, William Z.
Steel Strike, U.S., 1919-1920; United States Steel Corporation
The foregoing figures and statements merely serve to point out the
immensity of the steel strike by indicating its approximate cost to the
strikers, the steel companies, and the public. Admittedly they are but
loose estimates, based upon scanty data. Absolute accuracy is not
claimed for them. The expenditures of the labor movement in the campaign
can be more closely calculated, although they, too, are far from
definite. They fall into three general classes: (1) those by the general
office of the National Committee for Organizing Iron and Steel Workers;
(2) those by the A. F. of L. and co-operating international steel trades
unions not through the office of the National Committee; (3) those by
local steel workers' councils and unions from their own treasuries. Of
these the latter may be eliminated as impossible of estimation, there
being so many local organizations involved and the after-strike
conditions so unfavorable to statistics gathering. They were a minor
element of expense compared to the other two, which we will try to
approximate as closely as may be.
1. From the beginning of the steel campaign, August 1, 1918, until
January 31, 1920, the total net disbursements of the National Committee
for all purposes, after making deductions for refunds, transfers, etc.,
amounted to $525,702.72. This stretch of time may be divided into two
parts: (a), Organizing period, from August 1, 1918, until September 22,
1919--during which time virtually all the 250,000 men enrolled in the
campaign (see end of Chapter VII) had joined the unions; (b), Strike
period, from September 22, 1919, until January 31, 1920--during which
time the heavy special strike expenses were incurred. This period is
extended three weeks past the date of the strike's close, because the
commissariat was still in operation and other important strike expenses
were going on.
The total net disbursements made by the National Committee during the
organizing period were $73,139.66, which amounts to a small fraction
over 29 cents for each of the 250,000 men organized. The total net
disbursements of the National Committee during the strike period were
$452,563.06, or $1.81 for each of the 250,000 average strikers. Adding
these two figures together gives $2.10 as the cost to the National
Committee of organizing each steel worker and taking care of him during
the whole strike.
2. The disbursements of the National Committee covered general
organizing and strike expenses, such as commissary, legal, rent,
printing, salaries, etc. The A. F. of L. and the co-operating
international unions also incurred heavy expenses upon their own
account, whose chief items were for keeping organizers in the field,
paying strike benefits, and making lump donations to strike-bound local
unions. At this date these expenditures may be only approximated.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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