The Great White North: The story of polar exploration from the earliest times to the discovery of the poleWright, Helen S. (Helen Saunders)
History
The Great White North: The story of polar exploration from the earliest times to the discovery of the pole
Wright, Helen S. (Helen Saunders)
Arctic regions; North Pole
“Besides penetrating one hundred and forty miles further than previous
navigators, and finding an open sea stretching northwards, from Baffin’s
Bay, to at least the latitude of 80°, Captain Inglefield discovered a
strait in about 77½°, which he named Murchison Strait, and which he
supposed to form the northern boundary to Greenland.” His careful survey
of the eastern side of Baffin Bay, from Carey Islands to Cape Alexander,
and his approach to Jones Sound, all contributed interesting data to
geographical knowledge, but though the natives with whom he met were
carefully interrogated, no light was thrown on the fate of Sir John
Franklin or his men, and the utter falsity of the story told by Sir John
Ross’s interpreter was satisfactorily established.
Early in the year 1853, three expeditions were fitted out, to assist
Sir Edward Belcher’s squadron already in the field, and to continue the
search for Sir John Franklin.
The _Rattlesnake_, under Commander Trollope, and the _Isabel_—again
refitted by Lady Franklin, and put in command of Mr. Kennedy—set out with
instructions to sail for Behring Strait and carry supplies to Captains
Collinson and M’Clure. Dr. Rae set out again for the further examination
of the coast of Boothia, and Captain Inglefield was sent to Barrow Strait
in command of the _Phœnix_ and _Lady Franklin_, for the purpose of
reënforcing Sir Edward Belcher.
In America the second Grinnell expedition was fitted out about the same
time for the purpose of exploring the passages leading out of Baffin Bay
into the unknown oceans around the Pole, and was placed under the command
of Dr. E. K. Kane, U. S. N., who had sailed under Lieutenant De Haven in
the first Grinnell expedition.
[Sidenote: _CAPTAIN M’CLURE_]
In the autumn of 1853, the deep interest of the British nation was
aroused by the return of Captain Inglefield of the _Phœnix_ with
despatches from the Arctic regions, containing the news that the
Northwest Passage had at length been successfully accomplished by Captain
M’Clure of the _Investigator_, who had passed through Behring Strait and
sailed within a few miles of the most westerly discoveries made from the
eastern side of America, at which point he had been frozen up for more
than two years.
Parties from the _Investigator_ had walked over the frozen ocean; and
Lieutenant Cresswell, the bearer of the despatches from Captain M’Clure,
had sailed to England, by the Atlantic Ocean, having thus passed through
the far-famed, much-sought-after, and, at length, discovered Northwest
Passage.
It will be remembered that Captains Collinson and M’Clure sailed for
Behring Strait in 1850, through which, in company with the _Plover_ and
_Herald_, they endeavoured to pass.
The _Investigator_, Captain M’Clure, was last seen on August 4, 1850,
bearing gallantly into the heart of the “Polar Pack.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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