Orators -- Greece; Oratory, Ancient; Speeches, addresses, etc., Greek -- History and criticism
It is not till we analyse a passage or try to imitate the style that we
realize how great a part has been played by art in this structure which
seems so natural.
The smoothness strikes us, after a time, as monotonous, and many
readers will turn with relief from Lysias’ polish to the more telling
ruggedness of Antiphon, or the varied magnificence of Plato. Lysias, in
fact, provides us with an excellent example of the purest prose, but
the comparative coarseness of the average taste prefers something less
refined, less carefully purged of the natural impurities which prevent
insipidity, less free from the colouring matter which gives character.
So far I have considered only the broad impression produced by the
language, apart from more personal elements in style.
As an orator, Lysias is, on first acquaintance, disappointing. He seems
to lack fire, and to subordinate vigour to precision.
For this apparent weakness we must make certain allowances. We must
remember that he has to be judged chiefly by speeches written for others,
and speeches dealing with cases which in their very nature are often
unimportant, and in their details have little interest.
It would be unreasonable to ask for any other qualities than clear
statement of fact in a speech for the prosecution relating to
embezzlement by a trustee for a will (_Against Diogiton_), or in the
indictment of Nicomachus, a magistrate who has not rendered his accounts
in due course. Such speeches are of considerable importance indirectly:
to the jurist, as bearing upon the peculiarities of Attic Law; to the
general reader, because they help to fill in details of the picture of
public and private life at Athens. We should not pass a hasty judgment
on the writer because, considered as examples of oratory, they are less
attractive and impressive than some of the more famous models.
I will reserve for future consideration the only speech in which the
personal feelings of Lysias are deeply involved—the accusation of
Eratosthenes. Of the other speeches there is none which, taken as
a whole, is comparable to the finest of the public speeches or the
harangues of Demosthenes. Though Lysias had often to deal with trials of
public men, these trials were never really of public importance. It was
not his business to lay down a definite line of policy for his city to
follow; it was not for him to awake an apathetic nation to the need of
instant and decisive action. We cannot believe that any of his speeches
would appeal, or were meant to appeal, to Athens as a whole.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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