Orators -- Greece; Oratory, Ancient; Speeches, addresses, etc., Greek -- History and criticism
Aeschines was for twenty years a bitter enemy of Demosthenes. This
enmity was perhaps the chief interest in his life; at any rate it is the
dominant motive of his extant speeches. Demosthenes on his side could not
afford to despise an enemy whose biting wit and real gift of eloquence
assured him an attentive hearing, whether in the courts or before the
ecclesia, and thus gave him an influence which the vagueness of his
political views and the instability of his personal character could
never entirely dissipate. Aeschines had no constructive policy, but he
had just the talents which are requisite for the leader of a captious
and malicious opposition. To the fact of the long-maintained hostility
between these two men we owe a good deal of first-hand information about
each of them, both as regards public and private life. It is true that we
cannot accept without reservation the statements and criticisms made by
either speaker about his rival; but in many cases they agree about facts,
though they put different interpretations on them, and so, with care, we
may arrive at a substratum of truth.
Aeschines was born about 390 B.C.[220] His father Atrometus, an Athenian
citizen of pure descent,[221] was exiled by the Thirty, and fled to
Corinth, with his wife. He served for some time as a mercenary soldier in
Asia, and finally returned to Athens, where he kept a school. His wife,
Glaucothea, filled some minor religious office, initiating the neophytes
in certain mysteries, apparently connected with Orphism. Aeschines seems
to have helped both his parents in their work, if we may suppose that
there is a grain of truth mixed with the malice of Demosthenes:
‘You used to fill the ink-pots, sponge the benches, and sweep
the schoolroom, like a slave, not like a gentleman’s son. When
you grew up you helped your mother in her initiations, reciting
the formulas, and making yourself generally useful. All night
long you were wrapping the celebrants in fawn-skins, preparing
their drink-offerings, smearing them with clay and bran,’
etc.[222]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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