Our word _Cyning, King_, is common to all the existing Teutonic tongues, and we find it as far back as we can trace the English language(34). But it is not the only, nor seemingly the oldest, word to express the idea. In the oldest monument of Teutonic speech, the Gothic translation of the Scriptures, the word _King_, in any of its forms, is not found. The word there used is _Thiudans_(35). And there is a third word _Drihten_, which in English is most commonly used in a religious sense(36). I would ask you to bear with me while I plunge for a moment into some obsolete Teutonic etymologies, as I think that the analogies of these three words are not a little interesting. All three names come from, or are closely connected with, words meaning the race or people. One of those words, _Cyn_ or _Kin_, we still keep in modern English with no change of sound and with very little change of meaning. Now, the word _Cyning_, in its shortened form _King_, either comes straight from the substantive _Cyn_, or else from a closely connected adjective _Cyne_, noble, just like the Latin _generosus_ from Genus, which, let me add, is the same word as our English _Cyn_. Let no one delude you into thinking that _King_ has anything to do with the _canning_ or _cunning_ man. The man who first said that it had had simply not learned his Old-English grammar(37). It has to do with _Cyn_ and _Cyne_, and it may be taken as “the noble one,” or, as _ing_ is the Teutonic patronymic, any one that chooses may thus form _Cyning_ from _Cyn_, and make the King, not the father of his people, but their offspring(38). Now the other two names, _Thiudans_ or _Theoden_, and _Drihten_, have dropped out of our language, and so have the two words with which they are connected, just as _Cyning_ is connected with _Cyn_. _Thiduans_ or _Theoden_ comes from _Thiuda_ or _Theod_, also meaning _people_, a word which you will recognize in many of the old Teutonic names, _Theodric_, _Theodberht_, _Theodbald_, and the like. So _Drihten_ either comes straight from _Driht_, a family or company, or else, just like _Cyn_ and _Cyne_, from an adjective _driht_ meaning noble or lordly. All these three names expressing kingship have thus to do with words meaning the race or people. They imply the chief of a people, something more than the chief of a mere tribe or district. Now in our Old-English Chronicles, when they tell how the first English Conquerors, Hengest and Horsa, settled in Kent, they do not call them _Cyningas_ but _Heretogan_, Leaders or Dukes. It is not till after some victories over the Britons that we hear that Hengest took the _rice_ or kingdom, and that his son Æsc is called _King_. So in Wessex, the first conquerors Cerdic and Cynric are called _Ealdormen_ when they land; but, when they have established a settled dominion at the expense of the Welsh, we read that they too took the _rice_, and the leaders of the West-Saxons are henceforth spoken of as Kings(39). It is plain then