Jewish philosophy -- Early works to 1800; Judaism -- Works to 1900; Philosophy, Medieval -- Early works to 1800
On the other hand, music and song awakened the prophetic power
(comp. 2 Kings iii. 15), and “The spirit of prophecy alights only on
him who is wise, strong, and rich” (Babyl. Talm. Shabbat, 92a).
Although the preparation for a prophetic mission, the pursuit of
earnest and persevering study, as also the execution of the Divine
dictates, required physical strength, yet in the moment when the
prophecy was received the functions of the bodily organs were
suspended. The intellect then acquired true knowledge, which presented
itself to the prophet’s imagination in forms peculiar to that faculty.
Pure ideals are almost incomprehensible; man must translate them into
language which he is accustomed to use, and he must adapt them to his
own mode of thinking. In receiving prophecies and communicating them to
others the exercise of the prophet’s imagination was therefore as
essential as that of his intellect, and Maimonides seems to apply to
this imagination the term “angel,” which is so frequently mentioned in
the Bible as the medium of communication between the Supreme Being and
the prophet.
Only Moses held his bodily functions under such control that even
without their temporary suspension he was able to receive prophetic
inspiration; the interposition of the imagination was in his case not
needed: “God spoke to him mouth to mouth” (Num. xii. 8). Moses differed
so completely from other prophets that the term “prophet” could only
have been applied to him and other men by way of homonymy.
The impulses descending from the Active Intellect to man’s intellect
and to his imagination produce various effects, according to his
physical, moral, and intellectual condition. Some men are thus endowed
with extraordinary courage and with an ambition to perform great deeds,
or they feel themselves impelled to appeal mightily to their fellowmen
by means of exalted and pure language. Such men are filled with “the
spirit of the Lord,” or, “with the spirit of holiness.” To this
distinguished class belonged Jephthah, Samson, David, Solomon, and the
authors of the Hagiographa. Though above the standard of ordinary men,
they were not included in the rank of prophets. Maimonides divides the
prophets into two groups, viz., those who receive inspiration in a
dream and those who receive it in a vision. The first group includes
the following five classes:—1. Those who see symbolic figures; 2. Those
who hear a voice addressing them without perceiving the speaker; 3.
Those who see a man and hear him addressing them; 4. Those who see an
angel addressing them; 5. Those who see God and hear His voice. The
other group is divided in a similar manner, but contains only the first
four classes, for Maimonides considered it impossible that a prophet
should see God in a vision. This classification is based on the various
expressions employed in the Scriptures to describe the several
prophecies.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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