In reign of Queen Elizabeth and early part of James I., “the castellated castles, moated halls, and gabled manor-houses” of old England “the sheltering, romantic roof-trees of those who clung” to the ancient Faith——Why?——Henry VIII.’s religious “change” and that of his progeny, King Edward VI. and Queen Elizabeth, unlikely to be acceptable “all on a sudden” to bulk of English people——Why?——Penal Legislation against Papists on part of Government——Jesuits in England, 1580——Campion and Parsons——Three Classes of English Jesuits——Mystics, _or_ Politicians——Mystics _and_ Politicians——The thirteen Gunpowder plotters well-disposed towards Jesuits——But plotters only Politicians. CHAPTER VI. 19 Sir William Catesby (father of the arch-conspirator Robert Catesby) and Sir Thomas Tresham (father of Francis Tresham), fine old English gentlemen——Types of best class of Elizabethan Catholic gentry——Both persecuted by Government——Sir Thomas Tresham for more than twenty years pays for Fines equal in our money to £2,080 a year, as a “popish recusant”——Sir Thomas suffers imprisonment for at least twenty-one years after being Star-Chambered——Such transactions account for phenomenon of Gunpowder Treason Plot. CHAPTER VII. 21 All thirteen plotters “gentlemen of name and blood” (save Thomas Bates, a respectable serving-man of Catesby)——Names of plotters as follow:——Robert Catesby (Ashby St. Legers, Northamptonshire)—— Thomas Winter (Huddington, near Droitwich, Worcestershire)—— Thomas Percy (Beverley, E.R. Yorkshire)——John Wright (Plowland, Holderness, E.R. Yorkshire)——Guy (or Guido) Fawkes (York)—— Robert Keyes (Drayton, Northamptonshire)——Christopher Wright (Plowland, Holderness, E.R. Yorkshire)——Robert Winter, (Huddington, near Droitwich, Worcestershire)——Ambrose Rookwood (Coldham, Stanningfield, Suffolk)——John Grant (Norbrook, Warwickshire)——Sir Everard Digby (Gothurst, near Newport Pagnell, Buckinghamshire)——Francis Tresham (Rushton, Northamptonshire)——Four out of conspirators natives of Yorkshire: Thomas Percy, John Wright, Christopher Wright, and Guy (or Guido) Fawkes——Five others indirectly connected with it: Thomas Winter, Robert Winter, John Grant, Robert Keyes, and Ambrose Rookwood——Thomas Winter and Robert Winter, grandsons of distinguished Knight, Sir William Ingleby, of Ripley Castle, near Knaresbrough and Bilton-cum-Harrogate, Nidderdale, Yorkshire——John Grant’s wife, Dorothy Grant, a grand-daughter of said Knight——Robert Keyes, a grandson of Key (or Kay), Esquire, of Woodsome, Almondbury, near Huddersfield. CHAPTER VIII. (same continued) 26 CHAPTER IX. 32