The Haciendas of Mexico: An Artist's RecordBartlett, Paul Alexander
History
The Haciendas of Mexico: An Artist's Record
Bartlett, Paul Alexander
Bartlett, Paul Alexander, 1909-1990; Haciendas -- Mexico -- Pictorial works; Haciendas in art
But then we entered a little cornfield in a valley where the
fighting was very bad. The Zapatistas were on one hill and the
Carrancistas were on another and we were in the middle, fighting
hand to hand with other Carrancistas. The two armies got all mixed
up, there in San Gregorio. There was a tremendous hail of bullets
and the dead piled up like stones in a milpa (small plot). The man
just next to me fell.... At five o'clock a bullet got the Captain
who had been blaspheming the day before. In the dark we didn't
know who was a Zapatista, who was a Carrancista.
[Illustration: Hacienda de Matanzas, Jalisco: chapel and residence,
chapel date 1750.]
The revolution swept from hacienda to hacienda, now the Carrancistas
attacking, now the Colorados, now the Zapatistas, now the Villistas.
After four centuries of constant bludgeoning by the Spaniards the
hacienda worker was settling his score: This was his opportunity to
reclaim the land that had been stolen from him, not once but many times.
[Illustration: Hacienda los Molinos, Puebla: fortified wall and
stairway to tower of 16th-century residence.]
[Illustration: Hacienda de Matanzas, Jalisco: 18th-century chapel,
residence, and storage rooms.]
Reed continues, supplying intimate details:
Tomorrow we'll move in on the Hacienda Casasano. You, José, will
set fire to the stable; turn out the horses and colts first ... you
know where the hayloft is so pour your two cans of kerosene there.
You, Magaña, empty the chicken coop just before it gets dark, chase
the chickens into the gully; we'll be waiting there. The more
noise you make the better. María, open the front door and then
open the kitchen door, just stroll through the house and open
doors.... Give us our signal from the kitchen. We'll move in just
as soon as we see your light ... pour inside and wreck the place.
You can have any goddamn thing you want, you bastards, but don't
hang on too long, remember the hacienda is going up in flames.
Revolutionist Emiliano Zapata attempted to destroy the haciendas in his
home state of Morelos. Other radical leaders in other states worked to
undermine the hacienda system. At any cost, the Zapatista/Villista
wanted no more of the Díaz policy. In place of Díazism the peasants
wanted freedom, dignity, land, schools, and food; to achieve these
goals they would ravage the nation. Men, women, and children, intent
on smashing the hacienda world, could no longer exist on tortillas and
water. Singly and in hordes, they scavenged and ravaged. Peasants who
understood less than ten Spanish words found themselves trying Spanish
if it helped the cause.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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