The charges vary with the elevation; or if the elevation be fixed at any particular angle, they must be determined by the range. 10. What are the charges for field guns and field howitzers? See Table, page 46. 11. What are the charges for heavy guns, columbiads, and howitzers? See Table, page 46. 12. What are the greatest charges of the sea-coast, siege, and coehorn mortars? See Table, page 46. 13. What charge is used for projecting fire balls from mortars? One _twenty-fifth_ the weight of the ball. [Sidenote: 62]] CHARGES FOR FIELD GUNS AND FIELD HOWITZERS. =============================================================== |FOR GUNS.| FOR HOWITZERS. KIND. +---------+----+----+----+-------- |12- |6- |32- |24- |12- |Mountain. |pr. |pr. |pr. |pr. |pr. | -----------------------------+----+----+----+----+----+--------- |lbs.|lbs.|lbs.|lbs.|lbs.| lbs. For shot, |2.5 |1.25| | | | For spher. case or canister, |1.5 |1.0 |2.5 |1.75|0.75| 0.5 For shells, { Small charge, | — | — |2.5 |2.0 |1.00| 0.5 { Large charge, | — | — |3.25|2.50|1.00| 0.5 -----------------------------+----+----+----+----+----+--------- CHARGES FOR HEAVY GUNS, COLUMBIADS AND HOWITZERS. ==================================================================== GUNS. |COLUMBIADS | HOWITZERS. -----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-------+------------ 42- | 32- | 24- | 18- | 12- | 10- | 8- |Siege| 24-pr.| Sea-Coast. pr. | pr. | pr. | pr. | pr. |inch.|inch.|8-in.|Garri- |------+----- | | | | | | | | son |10-in.|8-in. -----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-------+------+----- lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs.| lbs. | lbs. |lbs. 10.5| 8. | 8. | 6. | 4. | 14. | 8. | 4. | 2. | 12. | 8. -----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-------+------+----- GREATEST CHARGES OF SEA-COAST, SIEGE AND COEHORN MORTARS. ================================================================= SEA-COAST. | SIEGE. | COEHORN. | STONE MORTAR. --------+--------+--------+-------+----------+----------+-------- 18-inch.|10-inch.|10-inch.|8-inch.| | 120 pds. |15 6-pr. | | | | |of stones.|shells. --------+--------+--------+-------+----------+----------+-------- lbs. | lbs. | lbs. | lbs. | lbs. | lbs. | lbs. 20. | 10. | 4. | 2. | 0.5 | 1.5 | 1. --------+--------+--------+-------+----------+----------+-------- [Sidenote: 63]] PART IV. RANGES. 1. What is meant by the _range_ of a piece of artillery? The distance from the muzzle to the first graze.