_Cadency, Marks of._ Figures and devices, introduced into armorial compositions, in order to distinguish the different members and branches of the same family. (See _Difference_, and Chapter XII.) _Cadet._ A junior member or branch of a family. _Caltrap._ An implement formerly strewn on the ground in war to maim horses: No. 221. _Canting Heraldry._ Refer to _Armes Parlantes_. _Canton._ One of the Subordinaries: Nos. 129, 130. _Cantoned._ Placed in the quarters of a shield. _Carbuncle._ The same as _Escarbuncle_. _Cartouche._ No. 46. _Castle._ Generally represented with two or three turrets, as in the shield of Queen Alianore, of Castile: No. 222. Refer to _Tower_. _Celestial Crown._ No. 223. _Centaur._ Also blazoned as a _sagittary_, and supposed to have been a badge of King Stephen. _Cerceleé_, or _Recerceleé_. A descriptive term to denote a variety of the heraldic Cross: No. 98. [Illustration: No. 222.--Castle.] [Illustration: No. 223.--Celestial Crown.] _Chapeau._ Also entitled _a cap of dignity_, _of maintenance_, or _of estate_. An early symbol of high dignity, and in England of right of Peerage. In addition it is now more frequently met with supporting certain crests: No. 224. _Chaplet._ A garland or entwined wreath of leaves and flowers, or of flowers alone. A _chaplet of rue_, sometimes called a _crancelin_, is blazoned bend-wise in the shield of Saxony--_Barry of ten or and sa., over all a chaplet of rue vert_: No. 225. (See _Crancelin_.) [Illustration: No. 224.--Chapeau.] [Illustration: No. 225.--Arms of Saxony.] _Charge._ Any heraldic figure or device. _Charged_--placed on a shield, banner, &c., as any heraldic figure or device may be. _Chequeé_, _Chequy_, _Checky_. Divided into three, or into more than three, contiguous rows of small squares, alternately of a metal (or fur) and a colour: No 68. _Chess rook._ A piece used in the game of Chess: borne by _Roke_wood and others: No. 226. _Chevron._ One of the Ordinaries: Nos. 123, 125. _Chevronel._ A diminutive of the Chevron: No. 124. _Chevroneé_, _Chevrony_. A field composed of a number of pieces divided and disposed _per Chevron_: No. 124A. _Chief._ One of the Ordinaries: Nos. 71-75. _In Chief_--placed in the upper part of the shield, or arranged in a horizontal row across the upper part of the field. [Illustration: No. 226.--Chess Rook.] [Illustration: No. 227.--Cinque foil.] [Illustration: No. 228.--Clarions.] _Cinque-foil._ A flower or leaf of five foils: No. 227. _Civic Crown._ A wreath of oak-leaves and acorns. _Clarenceux._ See _Herald_. _Clarion._ An ancient musical instrument, a badge, apparently, of the DE CLARES. By some this charge is supposed to represent a _lance-rest_, and is sometimes so blazoned: No. 228, which shows two varieties of form. _Clecheé._ A variety of the heraldic Cross: No. 105. _Close._ With closed wings. _Closet._ A Diminutive of the Bar, one half its width.