The heart of the railroad problem: The history of railway discrimination in the United States, the chief efforts at control and the remedies proposed, with hints from other countriesParsons, Frank
History
The heart of the railroad problem: The history of railway discrimination in the United States, the chief efforts at control and the remedies proposed, with hints from other countries
Parsons, Frank
Railroads -- Freight -- Rates -- United States; Railroads and state -- United States
The railroads have also bound themselves by secret contract to furnish
by wire “such information as may be requested by the car-line’s
representatives.” This enables the Trust to know what every other
shipper is doing all over the country on the lines of the
car-line-contract roads. The Armours thus have means of knowing
immediately of the shipments made by competitors and the destination of
the same, so that they can tell exactly what to do to capture or destroy
the competitive business. If a car of apples is loaded by a competitor
and billed for Worcester, the Trust knows of it in time to run in a car
of apples ahead of the competitor’s and sell out the market from under
him. At Buffalo, while the Trust was fighting to control the local fruit
market, it forestalled, they say, every shipment that was made to its
competitors.
The Armour lines have another advantage, through the arrangement of the
freight tariffs, and the friendly inspection methods, or non-inspection
methods, which enable them to ship dairy products, fruits, vegetables,
etc., at much lower rates than others. Packing-house products, _i. e._,
hams, bacon, lard, etc., go from Chicago to New York in carloads at 30
cents a hundred; fresh meats, 45 cents; eggs, 65 cents; poultry, 75
cents; butter, 75 cents, etc. The Armours have a practical monopoly on
packing-house products and the fresh-meat business, as they own all the
slaughter houses of any importance, with 2 or 3 exceptions in the
country. So the bulk of their own goods go at 30 and 45 cents which are
regarded by railroad men as very low rates for goods transported in
refrigerator cars. On the other hand rates upon dairy products are very
much higher, and most shippers have to pay those rates. According to all
rules of classification packing-house products should pay higher rates
than fruit; but, in order to help out the infant beef industry, a
commodity tariff is arranged of which this is a sample:[285]
══════════════════════╤══════════╤════════════╤════════════╤═══════════
│ │ │ Beef │
│ │Fruit third │ (commodity │
│Distance. │ class. │ rate). │Difference.
──────────────────────┼──────────┼────────────┼────────────┼───────────
│ │ Cents. │ Cents. │ Percent.
Chicago to Duluth │ 478│ 44│ 28½│ 54
Kansas City to Duluth │ 699│ 53│ 40│ 33
Omaha to Duluth │ 504│ 45│ 35│ 28
Sioux City to Duluth │ 432│ 45│ 35│ 28
Cedar Rapids to Duluth│ 409│ 44│ 28½│ 54
──────────────────────┴──────────┴────────────┴────────────┴───────────
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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