Condensation of statement of Texas Railroad Commission’s Report for 1898, p. 17. See, further, “Bribery by Railway Passes,” _North American Review_, 138, p. 89; and _Public Opinion_, 26, p. 167, Feb. 9, 1899: “The Pass Evil in Three States” (Indiana, Minnesota, and Washington). Footnote 7: “Railway Passes and the Public,” _Forum_, 3, p. 392. Footnote 8: Vol. iv, pp. 456–457. Footnote 9: American Railroads as Investments, p. 30. Footnote 10: See C. Wood Davis’ article in _The Arena_, vi (1891), pp. 281–282. Footnote 11: See the evidence cited below. Footnote 12: Report of U. S. Industrial Commission (1900), iv, p. 135. Footnote 13: Testimony before U. S. Industrial Commission (1900), iv, p. 490. Footnote 14: _Forum_, 3, p. 392. Footnote 15: Railroad Transportation, p. 109. Footnote 16: In order to test the attitude of the government roads, I did my best to get passes, trying first through the American ambassadors in Vienna, Berlin, and Brussels, and afterward by direct appeal to the railway management. But it was of no use, although I had a letter from the Chairman of the United States Industrial Commission saying that I had rendered the government valuable service in connection with the work of the Commission, and that any courtesies shown me or assistance afforded me in my researches would be a public service. I had other strong letters from men of high distinction in the United States and England, and our ambassador at Berlin had been president of my alma mater when I was in college, and was specially friendly and helpful; but I was assured that no amount of influence or pull could secure a pass or any other personal favor on the State railways. Footnote 17: See _McClure’s Magazine_, December, 1905, where Ray Stannard Baker has stated the leading facts. Footnote 18: See, for example, the testimony of Stuyvesant Fish, President of the Illinois Central, before the United States Industrial Commission, calling attention to the fact that while railway officials could be prohibited by law from selling tickets below published rates, individuals could not be so prohibited, and that some railways sold their tickets to competitive points to brokers, paying them a commission for making the sale, out of which the brokers scalped the rate. (Industrial Commission, 1900, iv, p. 334.) Footnote 19: Industrial Commission, iv, pp. 457–458. Footnote 20: Hudson, “The Railways and the Republic,” p. 42. Footnote 21: Hepburn Report, N. Y. Legislature Investigation, 1879, p. 120. Footnote 22: The facts appear at full length in the reports of the Hepburn Committee, the Select Committee of the United States on Interstate Commerce, 49th Congress, 1st Session, Lloyd’s “Wealth against Commonwealth,” and Miss Tarbell’s “History of the Standard Oil Company.” Footnote 23: