The Heavens Above: A Popular Handbook of AstronomyRolfe, W. J. (William James)
Science
The Heavens Above: A Popular Handbook of Astronomy
Rolfe, W. J. (William James)
Astronomy
333. _The Lyre, the Swan, the Eagle, and the Dolphin._--_Altair_, the
principal star of _Aquila_, or the _Eagle_, lies on the opposite side of
the Milky-Way from Vega. Altair is a first-magnitude star, and has a
faint star on each side of it, as shown in Fig. 380. Vega, also of the
first magnitude, is the principal star of _Lyra_, or the _Lyre_. Between
these two stars, and a little farther to the north, are several stars
arranged in the form of an immense cross. The bright star at the head of
this cross is called _Deneb_. The cross lies in the Milky-Way, and
contains the chief stars of the constellation _Cygnus_, or the _Swan_. A
little to the north of Altair are four stars in the form of a diamond.
This asterism is popularly known as _Job's Coffin_. These four stars are
the chief stars of _Delphinus_, or the _Dolphin_. These four
constellations are shown together in Fig. 381. The _Swan_ is visible
from June to December, in the evening.
[Illustration: Fig. 381.]
334. _Virgo._--A line drawn from Alpha to Gamma of the Dipper, and
prolonged with a slight bend at Gamma, will reach to a first-magnitude
star called _Spica_ (Fig. 382). This is the chief star of the
constellation _Virgo_, or the _Virgin_, and forms a large isosceles
triangle with _Arcturus_ and _Denebola_.
[Illustration: Fig. 382.]
_Virgo_ is represented in Fig. 383. To the right of this constellation,
as shown in the figure, there are four stars which form a trapezium, and
mark the constellation _Corvus_, or the _Crow_. This bird is represented
as standing on the body of _Hydra_, or the _Water-Snake_. _Virgo_ is
visible in the evening, from April to August.
[Illustration: Fig. 383.]
[Illustration: Fig. 384.]
[Illustration: Fig. 385.]
335. _The Twins._--A line drawn from Delta to Beta of the Dipper, and
prolonged as shown in Fig. 384, passes between two bright stars called
_Castor_ and _Pollux_. The latter of these is usually reckoned as a
first-magnitude star. These are the principal stars of the constellation
_Gemini_, or the _Twins_, which is shown in Fig. 385. The constellation
_Canis Minor_, or the _Little Dog_, is shown in the lower part of the
figure. There are two conspicuous stars in this constellation, the
brightest of which is of the first magnitude, and called _Procyon_.
The region to which we have now been brought is the richest of the
northern sky, containing no less than seven first-magnitude stars. These
are _Sirius_, _Procyon_, _Pollux_, _Capella_, _Aldebaran_, _Betelgeuse_,
and _Rigel_. They are shown in Fig. 386.
[Illustration: Fig. 386.]
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