The hell bombLaurence, William L. (William Leonard)
Philosophy
The hell bomb
Laurence, William L. (William Leonard)
Hydrogen bomb
With these facts and figures in mind, it becomes clear that an H-bomb
made of deuterium alone is not feasible. It is certainly out of the
question with an A-bomb of the Hiroshima or Nagasaki types, which
generate a temperature of about 50,000,000 degrees, since, as we have
seen, it would take fully 200 microseconds to ignite it at that
temperature. It is one thing to devise a tamper that would hold back a
force of 20 tons for 100 billionths of a second, and thus allow it to
build up to 20,000 tons. It is quite another matter to devise an
immovable body that would hold back an irresistible force of 20,000 tons
for a time interval 2,000 times larger, particularly if one remembers
that in another tenth of a microsecond the irresistible force would
increase again by 1,000 to 20,000,000 tons. Obviously this is
impossible, for if it were possible we would have a superbomb without
any need for hydrogen of any kind.
It is known that we have developed a much more efficient A-bomb, which,
as Senator Edwin C. Johnson of Colorado has inadvertently blurted out,
“has six times the effectiveness of the bomb that was dropped over
Nagasaki.” We are further informed by Dr. Bacher that “significant
improvements” in atomic bombs since the war “have resulted in more
powerful bombs and in a more efficient use of the valuable fissionable
material.” It is conceivable and even probable that the improvements,
among other things, include better tampers that delay the new A-bombs
long enough to fission two, four, or even eight times as many atoms as
in the wartime models. But since, as we have seen, the ten steps of the
final stages require only an average of 10 billionths of a second per
step, increasing the power of the new models even to 160,000 tons (eight
times the power of the Hiroshima type) would take only three steps, in
an elapsed time of no more than 30 billionths of a second. And even if
we assume that the improved bomb generates a temperature of 200,000,000
degrees, it would still be too cold to ignite the deuterium during the
interval of its brief existence, since, as we have seen, it would take
4.8 microseconds to ignite it at that temperature. In fact, calculations
indicate that it would require a temperature in the neighborhood of
400,000,000 degrees to ignite deuterium in the time interval during
which the assembly of the improved A-bomb appears to be held together,
which, as may be surmised from the known data, is within the range of
1.2 microseconds.
From all this it may be concluded with practical certainty that an
H-bomb of deuterium only is out of the question. Equally good, though
entirely different, reasons also rule out an H-bomb using only tritium
as its explosive element.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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