IV.--HOW MUCH IS GRADUATION OR THE PERSISTENCE IN SCHOOL CONDITIONED BY THE OCCURRENCE OR BY THE NUMBER OF FAILURES? 1. Comparison of the Failing and the Non-failing Groups in Reference to Graduation and Persistence 48 2. The Number of Failures and the Years Required to Graduate 49 3. The Number of Failures and the Semesters of Dropping Out, for Non-graduates 51 4. The Percentages That the Non-graduate Groups Form of the Pupils Who Have Each Successively Higher Number of Failures 55 5. Time Extension for the Failing Graduates 56 6. Summary of Chapter, and References 57 V.--ARE THE SCHOOL AGENCIES EMPLOYED IN REMEDYING THE FAILURES ADEQUATE FOR THE PURPOSE? 1. Repetition as a Remedy for Failures 60 a. Size of Schedule and Results of Repeating. b. Later Grades in the Same Kind of Subjects, Following Repetition and Without it. c. The Grades in Repeated Subjects and in New Work. d. The Number and Results of Identical Repetitions. 2. Discontinuance of the Subject or Course, and the Substitution of Others 68 3. The Employment of School Examinations 69 4. The Service Rendered by the Regents' Examinations in New York 70 5. Continuation of Subjects Without Repetition or Examination 73 6. Summary of Chapter, and References 74 VI.--DO THE FAILURES REPRESENT A LACK OF CAPABILITY OR OF FITNESS FOR HIGH SCHOOL WORK ON THE PART OF THOSE PUPILS? 1. Some Are Evidently Misfits 76 2. Most of the Failing Pupils Lack Neither Ability nor Earnestness 77 3. The School Emphasis and the School Failures Are Both Culminative in Particular School Subjects 81 4. An Indictment Against the Subject-Matter and the Teaching Ends as Factors in Producing Failures 83 5. Summary of Chapter, and References 85 VII.--WHAT TREATMENT IS SUGGESTED BY THE DIAGNOSIS OF THE FACTS OF FAILURE? 1. Organization and Adaptation in Recognition of the Individual Differences in Abilities and Interests 87 2. Faculty Student Advisers from the Time of Entrance 89 3. Greater Flexibility and Differentiation Required 90 4. Provision for the Direction of the Pupils' Study 92 5. A Greater Recognition and Exposition of the Facts as Revealed by Accurate and Complete School Records 94 6. Summary of Chapter, and References 96 A STUDY OF THE SCHOOL RECORDS OF THE PUPILS FAILING IN ACADEMIC OR COMMERCIAL HIGH SCHOOL SUBJECTS CHAPTER I GENERAL INTRODUCTION OF THE SUBJECT