The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 04 : $b Greece to the Roman Conquest
History
The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 04 : $b Greece to the Roman Conquest
World history
In the spring of 392, Agesilaus made a fresh expedition for the purpose
of bringing the Corinthians to terms, by cutting off one of their chief
resources, the fortress of Piræum, at the foot of Mount Geranea on the
western gulf. The captures and the booty were brought out, and passed in
review before Agesilaus, as he sat in an adjacent building on the margin
of a small lake. His triumph was heightened by the presence of envoys
from various states, among the rest from Thebes, where the party which
desired peace had succeeded in procuring an embassy to be sent for the
purpose of ascertaining the terms which Sparta would grant. Agesilaus,
the more fully to enjoy their humiliation, affected to take no notice of
their presence, while Pharax, their proxenus, stood by him, waiting for
an opportunity to present them. Just at this juncture a horseman came
up, his horse covered with foam, and informed the king of a disaster
which had just befallen the garrison of Lechæum, the loss of almost a
whole mora, which had been intercepted and cut off by Iphicrates and his
targeteers. The action was in itself so trifling, that it would scarcely
have deserved mention, but for the importance attached to it at the time,
and the celebrity which it retained for many generations.
After all, the whole loss of the Lacedæmonians amounted to no more than
250 men. Yet it produced a degree of consternation and dejection on the
one side, and of exultation on the other, which is significant in the
same proportion that the disaster appears to us slight and the exploit
inconsiderable.
Nothing more clearly shows the weakness of Sparta and the power of her
name than the importance attributed both by herself and by her enemies
to this petty affair. Agesilaus, having accomplished the object of his
expedition, now set out homeward. He took with him the remnant of the
defeated mora, leaving another in its room at Lechæum. But his march
through Peloponnesus was like that of the Roman army on its return from
the Caudine Forks. He would only enter the towns, where he was forced to
rest, as late as he could in the evening, and left them again at break
of day. At Mantinea, though it was dark when he reached it, he would not
stop at all, that his men might not have to endure the insulting joy of
their ill-affected allies. On the other hand Iphicrates was emboldened by
his success to aim at fresh advantages; and he recovered Sidus, Crommyon,
and Œnoe, where Agesilaus had left a garrison.
His achievement so terrorised the Corinthian exiles at Sicyon, that
they no longer ventured to repeat their marauding excursions by land,
but crossed over the gulf, and landed near Corinth, where they saw
opportunity of giving annoyance. Even in later times the destruction of
the Lacedæmonian mora, 250 men, continued to be mentioned as the great
military action of his life, and was not thought unworthy to be named in
the same page with Marathon and Platæa.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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