INTRODUCTORY ESSAY. THE EVOLUTION OF GREEK PHILOSOPHY. By Dr. Hermann Diels xiii CHAPTER XXXVII THE REIGN OF TERROR IN ATHENS (404-403 B.C.) 1 Lysander, 2. Cruelties of the Thirty, 3. The Sycophants, 4. The revolt of Thrasybulus, 10. CHAPTER XXXVIII THE DEMOCRACY RESTORED (403-400 B.C.) 16 The end of Alcibiades, 23. Life at Athens, 25. Aristophanes, 27. Euripides, 30. CHAPTER XXXIX SOCRATES AND THE SOPHISTS (_ca._ 425-399 B.C.) 33 The prosecution of Socrates, 36. Plato’s account of the last hours of Socrates, 39. Grote’s estimate of Socrates, 45. CHAPTER XL THE RETREAT OF THE TEN THOUSAND (404-399 B.C.) 49 The affairs of Persia, 49. Xenophon’s account of Cunaxa, 53. The retreat, 59. Xenophon’s picture of the hardships, 61. End of the march, 63. The meaning of Xenophon’s feat, 64. CHAPTER XLI THE SPARTAN SUPREMACY (480-240 B.C.) 66 Grote’s comparison of Spartan and Athenian rule, 72. Harshness of the Spartan hegemony, 76. Degeneracy of Sparta, 77. CHAPTER XLII SPARTA IN ASIA (400-394 B.C.) 82 War of Lacedæmon and Elis, 86. Cinadon’s plot, 90. Agesilaus in Asia, 91. Persian gold, 95. War rises in Greece, 96. Lysander’s plot, 99. Agesilaus recalled, 101. CHAPTER XLIII THE CORINTHIAN WAR (394-387 B.C.) 104 Battle of Cnidus, 107. Battle of Coronea, 108. Land affairs of the Corinthian War, 111. The great deeds of Conon, 115. Conon rebuilds the Long Walls, 117. The embassy of Antalcidas, 119. The King’s Peace, 123. CHAPTER XLIV THE RISE OF THEBES (387-371 B.C.) 126 Mantinea crushed, 127. The Olynthian War, 129. The surprise of Thebes, 130. Fate of Evagoras and the Asiatic Greeks, 133. The revolt of Thebes, 135. The second Athenian League, 140. Corcyra, 144. The trial of Timotheus, 148. The congress at Sparta, 151. Athens abandons Thebes, 153. CHAPTER XLV THE DAY OF EPAMINONDAS (371-367 B.C.) 154