The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 05 : $b the Roman Republic
History
The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 05 : $b the Roman Republic
World history
The deified Romulus was called Quirinus. As Romulus was the eponymous
hero of the Palatine Romans, so Quirinus was the chief and most highly
venerated, and perhaps the eponymous divinity of the Quiritian Sabines;
hence the identification. It is a figure of the amalgamation of the two
nations into one, a symbol of their complete unity in constitution and
religion. The wife of Quirinus, the deified Romulus, was called Hora or
Horta. She was presumably a female divinity united in the religion of the
Sabines to Quirinus. The festival of the people’s flight (_Poplifugia_)
or the Caprotinæ nones, which tradition has confused with the death of
Romulus, is an ancient feast of purification; for, according to the
story, Romulus disappeared during a feast of purification which he had
ordained on that day. From other customs it is evident that the festival
was chiefly a festival of female fecundity, to which purification from
every pollution and sin was held to be conducive, by averting all
pernicious influences, by propitiating the fructifying powers, and in
short by purification or lustration. The festival of the Caprotinæ nones
was very like the Lupercalian festival in purpose and significance. The
particular resemblance between them was the part played by the goat, the
symbol of animal fecundity. At the Lupercalia a goat was sacrificed, and
the luperci (the priests who officiated) ran through the streets, clothed
in goatskins, lashing the women with whips made with the skins of the
victims. There is a connection with the same festival in the name of the
Caprotinæ nones. The Goats’ Pool on the Field of Mars was the place where
it was held, the sacrifice was offered under a pine tree (_caprificus_),
the milk of the tree was used, and under the shade of the pine trees the
women and maidens were solemnly regaled.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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