The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 05 : $b the Roman Republic
History
The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 05 : $b the Roman Republic
World history
Bitter and prolonged were the party struggles that ensued, the same
tribunes being appointed year after year by the people’s assemblies,
while the senate and the older citizens, with equal obstinacy, rejected
again and again the same old measures. The senate tried to conciliate
the plebs by making other concessions, but in vain; finally in the year
457 it gave its consent to the number of the tribunes being increased to
ten--a doubtful victory for the plebs, since among so many one or another
could surely be found who could be induced by patrician influence to use
his right of intercession against any plans of his colleagues that might
be troublesome.[25]
[Sidenote: [454-449 B.C.]]
In one of the following years the consuls, A. Aternius and Sp. Tarpeius,
passed a law limiting the hitherto unrestricted right of the consuls to
impose property fines; according to its terms no man (except in cases of
appeal) could be sentenced to a heavier fine than two sheep or thirty
head of cattle in one day. In spite of all this the obstinacy of the
people’s party remained unshaken until the senate finally succeeded in
effecting a compromise, whereby the power of the consuls to inflict
punishment was considerably lessened, while the dangerous power of
initial rogation by the tribunes was completely done away with. Between
454-452 an agreement with the tribunes was reached that both divisions
of the Roman people should have a common civil and criminal code, and
the codification of the new statute book was intrusted to a commission
of ten men appointed by the comitia centuriata. The choice was made
in 452, and the commissioners--decemvirs, so-called, including none
but patricians--entered upon their functions May 15th, 451. A complete
reorganisation of the old system being the work in hand, the magistrates,
particularly consuls and tribunes, were, according to an ancient custom,
suspended from office under a proviso that safeguarded the sworn rights
and liberties of the commonalty, while it bound the tribunes not to make
appeal to the people, and their full power was given into the hands of
the new governing body.
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