The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 05 : $b the Roman Republic
History
The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 05 : $b the Roman Republic
World history
Hostilities were renewed next year. The new consuls were P. Sulpicius for
the Patricians, and P. Decius Mus, son and grandson of those illustrious
plebeians who had devoted themselves to death beneath Vesuvius and at
Sentinum. We are ignorant of the details of the campaign till we find the
consuls strongly encamped on the hills which command the plain of Apulian
Asculum. Here Pyrrhus encountered them. After some skilful manœuvring he
drew the Romans down into the plain, where his phalanx and cavalry could
act freely. He placed the Tarentines in the centre, the Italian allies on
his left wing, and his Epirots and Macedonians in phalanx on the right;
his cavalry and elephants he kept in reserve. A second time the Roman
legions wasted their strength upon the phalanxes. Again and again they
charged that iron wall with unavailing bravery, till Pyrrhus brought up
his cavalry and elephants, as at Heraclea, and the Romans were broken.
But this time they made good their retreat to their entrenched camp, and
Pyrrhus did not think it prudent to pursue them. He had little confidence
in his Italian allies, who hated the Greeks even more than they hated
the Romans, and gave signal proof of their perfidy by plundering the
king’s camp while he was in action. The loss on both sides was heavy.
The second victory was now won; but the king’s saying was fast being
fulfilled. In these two battles he had lost many of his chief officers
and a great number of the Epirots, the only troops on whom he could rely.
He dared not advance; and when he returned to Tarentum news awaited him
which dispirited him still more. The Romans, he heard, had concluded a
defensive alliance with Carthage, so that the superiority of Tarentum at
sea would be lost; Ptolemy Ceraunus, who had promised him fresh troops
from Macedon, had been slain by the Gauls, and these barbarians were
threatening to overrun Greece.
Under these circumstances he seized the first occasion of making peace
with Rome. This was afforded early in the next year by a communication
he received from the new consuls Q. Æmilius and C. Fabricius. They sent
to give him notice that his physician or cup-bearer (the accounts vary)
had offered to take him off by poison. Pyrrhus returned his warmest
thanks, sent back all his prisoners fresh-clothed and without ransom,
and told his allies he should accept an invitation he had just received
to take the command of a Sicilian-Greek army against the Carthaginians
and Mamertines. Accordingly he sailed from Locri to Sicily, evading the
Carthaginian fleet which had been lying in wait for him. He left the
Italians to the mercy of the Romans, but Milo still kept hold of the
citadel of Tarentum, and Alexander, the king’s son, remained in garrison
at Locri.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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