Election of Jovian (Flavius Claudius Jovianus), 510. Sapor assails the Romans, 511. The humiliation of the Romans, 512. Valentinian and Valens, 516. Invasion of the Goths in the East; battle of Hadrianopolis and death of Valens, 520. Valens marches against the Goths, 523. Theodosius named Augustus, 525. Virtues of Theodosius, 528. Tumult in Antioch, 529. The sedition of Thessalonica, 531. Theodosius and Ambrose, 532. Last days of Theodosius, 534. CHAPTER XLIV THE DIVISION OF THE EMPIRE (395-408 A.D.) 535 Arcadius and Honorius succeed Theodosius, 535. Alaric invades Greece, 543. CHAPTER XLV THE GOTHS IN ITALY (408-423 A.D.) 550 Alaric invades Italy, 550. Honorius retires to Ravenna; Attalus named Emperor, 556. Attalus deposed; Rome sacked by Alaric, 559. Death of Alaric; succession of Atawulf, 564. Constantine and Gerontius; Constantius, 566. CHAPTER XLVI THE HUNS AND THE VANDALS (423-455 A.D.) 572 The Gothic historian Jordanes on the battle of Châlons, 587. The invasion of Italy; the foundation of Venice, 591. The retreat of Attila, 592. CHAPTER XLVII THE FALL OF ROME (430-476 A.D.) 598 The Barbarian Emperor-makers, 610. A review of the Barbarian advance, 618. A fulfilled augury, 623. Breysig’s observations on the fall of the Roman Empire in the West, 623. APPENDIX A HISTORY IN OUTLINE OF SOME LESSER NATIONS OF ASIA MINOR (283 B.C.-17 A.D.) 626 APPENDIX B THE ROMAN STATE AND THE EARLY CHRISTIAN CHURCH 629 BRIEF REFERENCE-LIST OF AUTHORITIES BY CHAPTERS 643 A GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ROMAN HISTORY 645 [Illustration: ROMAN TROPHIES] THE EARLY ROMAN EMPIRE: A SKETCH WRITTEN SPECIALLY FOR THE PRESENT WORK BY DR. OTTO HIRSCHFELD Professor of Ancient History in the University of Berlin