The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 06 : $b the early Roman Empire
History
The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 06 : $b the early Roman Empire
World history
It has frequently been observed that the revolt cannot have been
represented to Varus as very serious; otherwise the carelessness of his
dispositions on the march is absolutely incomprehensible. The crowd of
women and children who were in the camp and accompanied the army proves
either that he intended to pitch his summer camp for a longer or shorter
period in the rebellious province after he had subdued it, or that if he
meant to send them back to the Rhine their return would not involve a
very circuitous journey.
Meanwhile the long array, marching in imperfect order and hampered by
enormous quantities of baggage, had got entangled in difficult paths
that led uphill and downhill through the thick forest, and while they
were engaged in toilsomely improving the road by felling trees, making
bridges, etc., very wet weather set in with a storm so violent that
branches were torn from the huge trees and hurled down upon the marching
men beneath. The ground became slippery, and the difficulty of getting
along amidst the roots and trunks of trees was doubled; and in this
precarious plight the army found itself suddenly assailed on all sides by
Germans. At this juncture, when he realised the treachery of the Germans,
Varus can hardly have come to any other resolution than to escape from a
tract of country so dangerous by taking the shortest road to the Rhine,
where he would be able to deploy his forces and checkmate the enemy.
It has been asserted that he could most easily have accomplished this by
returning to his summer camp, from which a properly constructed military
road must certainly have led to his winter quarters on the Rhine. But who
can tell whether Varus did not reflect that to go back by the way he had
come would involve too great hardship and loss, while a diversion of his
line of march to the river might be effected with no greater danger and
might even offer his army a more easily attainable condition of safety?
Nor need we lose sight of the possibility that he arrived at a wrong
decision.
Thus the march was continued with heavy loss, the straggling order
avenging itself by making organised resistance impossible. Nevertheless,
the army pitched its camp as best it could in the evening; though it
must have been hard to find a suitable spot in the wooded hill-country.
Here they decided to burn or abandon their useless baggage and to carry
nothing with them but what was absolutely necessary; and so proceeded on
their march in better order next day.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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