The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 07 : $b the history of the later Roman Empire
History
The historians' history of the world in twenty-five volumes, volume 07 : $b the history of the later Roman Empire
World history
But Belisarius, though he refused the Gothic throne and the empire of
the West, did not despise nor neglect wealth; he accumulated riches
which could not have been acquired by any commander-in-chief amidst
the wars and famines of the period, without rendering the military and
civil administration subservient to his pecuniary profit. On his return
from Italy he lived at Constantinople in almost regal splendour, and
maintained a body of seven thousand cavalry attached to his household.
In an empire where confiscation was an ordinary financial resource, and
under a sovereign whose situation rendered jealousy only common prudence,
it is not surprising that the wealth of Belisarius excited the imperial
cupidity, and induced Justinian to seize great part of it. His fortune
was twice reduced by confiscations. The behaviour of the general under
his misfortunes, and the lamentable picture of his depression which
Procopius has drawn, when he lost a portion of his wealth on his first
disgrace, does not tend to elevate his character. At a later period, his
wealth was again confiscated on an accusation of treason, and on this
occasion it is said that he was deprived of his sight, and reduced to
such a state of destitution that he begged his bread in a public square,
soliciting charity with the exclamation, “Give Belisarius an obolus!”
But ancient historians were ignorant of this fable, which has been
rejected by every modern authority in Byzantine history. Justinian, on
calm reflection, disbelieved the treason imputed to a man who, in his
younger days, had refused to ascend a throne; or else he pardoned what he
supposed to be the error of a general to whose services he was so deeply
indebted; and Belisarius, reinstated in some part of his fortune, died in
possession of wealth and honour.
THE GOTHS RENEW THE WAR
[Sidenote: [540-544 A.D.]]
Belisarius had hardly quitted Italy when the Goths reassembled their
forces. They were accustomed to rule, and nourished in the profession
of arms. Justinian sent a civilian, Alexander the logothete, to govern
Italy, hoping that his financial arrangements would render the new
conquest a source of revenue to the imperial treasury.[15] The fiscal
administration of the new governor soon excited great discontent. He
diminished the number of the Roman troops, and put a stop to those
profits which a state of war usually affords the military; while at
the same time he abolished the pensions and privileges which formed
no inconsiderable portion of the revenue of the higher classes, and
which had never been entirely suppressed during the Gothic domination.
Alexander may have acted in some cases with undue severity in enforcing
these measures; but it is evident, from their nature, that he must have
received express orders to put an end to what Justinian considered the
lavish expenditure of Belisarius.
[Illustration: A GOTH OF QUALITY
(After Hottenroth)]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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