The Historical Child: Paidology; The Science of the ChildChrisman, Oscar
History
The Historical Child: Paidology; The Science of the Child
Chrisman, Oscar
Children; Manners and customs
After being weaned, the child at Athens was fed by its mother or nurse
with milk and a weak broth, which consisted mostly of honey. The older
Athenian child no doubt had an abundance and a variety of food, but
such was not the case in Sparta. Taken to the public tables at seven
years of age, the Spartan child was given only very coarse food and not
nearly a sufficient quantity of this. He was permitted, however, to
steal more food, but if caught he was severely punished.
=Child and Parent.= One of the worst things that could happen to a Greek
in the old times was not to have children, and especially not to have a
son. Although daughters were not disliked, yet it was through the son
that the family name and the worship of family gods and ancestors could
be continued after the death of the father. There was more, for the
state considered childlessness and especially no sons in a family
unfortunate, as it was thought such a condition lessened the ties
between citizen and state. So when a boy was born into a family the
outer door was decorated with an olive branch, while for a girl a fillet
of wool was used.
"The Grecian mothers were subjected to certain rules prior to the birth
of their children. Their food and exercises were regulated either by the
laws, or by the manners and customs. In most of the Grecian states they
were required to lead a sedentary, inactive, and tranquil life. In
Sparta, however, it was directly the reverse. There, women while in that
condition were required to be abroad, engaged in their usual athletic
recreations, eating and drinking as at any other period of time."[165]
=Care of Children.= The newly born child was bathed in water and oil and
then it was put into swaddling clothes, a narrow woolen band wrapped
tightly round and round the child from the neck to the feet. In Sparta
the newly born child was bathed in water tempered with wine, as it was
considered strengthening to the child and also that such a bath could be
endured only by strong and healthy infants. The baby was not placed in
swaddling clothes in Sparta, so that it was allowed the freedom of its
limbs and body.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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