The Historical Evidence for the Virgin BirthTaylor, Vincent
Religion
The Historical Evidence for the Virgin Birth
Taylor, Vincent
Bible. Gospels; Jesus Christ -- Nativity; Virgin birth
(3) W. C. Allen takes the Greek text implied in the _Syr.‐Sin._ to be the
true text of Mt. i. 16. Burkitt, as we have seen, derives it from (B). For
the present it is important to consider _the __ character of the Syr.‐Sin.
in relation to the Virgin Birth_. In i. 21, with the _Curetonian_, it adds
the words, “to thee”. In i. 25 it omits “knew her not until”, and, as in
the English versions, it renders ἐκάλεσεν by the masculine; in the same
verse it also has the reading, “she bore him a son”. At first sight it
would appear as if the tendency of the MS. is in direct opposition to the
doctrine of the Virgin Birth; it is, however, very questionable if this is
the case. It is not improbable that “he knew her not until” (omitted also
by the Old Lat. _k_) is an interpolation in the First Gospel. Burkitt
thinks that “to thee” in i. 21 appeared in the _Evangelion Da‐
Mepharreshe_, and that “him” is a “mere stylistic addition” in the
_Syr.‐Sin._ When we add that this MS. includes Mt. i. 18‐25, and the
parenthesis, “to whom was betrothed Mary the Virgin”, in Mt. i. 16, it
becomes impossible to suppose that its text is of “Ebionite origin”. Nor
is it any more likely that it represents “the slip of a scribe”. It is too
much of a piece with the entire representation of the MS., of which the
most we can say is that it hardens the unique point of view which is
characteristic of the Evangelist himself. Whether it represents the
original ending of the Genealogy, in a form independent of, and earlier
than, the First Gospel, is a point which may be left open, though the view
is not one which otherwise finds support from the Genealogy, as it now
appears in the Gospel.(101) In any case, _we ought very probably to reject
the view that the Syr.‐Sin. in Mt. i. 16 asserts, or implies, the physical
paternity of Joseph_. It clearly takes ᾧ to “refer to ἐγέννησεν as well as
μνηστευθεῖσα” (Burkitt, p. 263), but, having regard to its character as a
whole, the strong probability is that it interprets ἐγέννησεν in the same
sense which it bears throughout the earlier links of the Genealogy, viz.
of legal parentage (Allen, p. 8). _In this case the scribe who produced
the Syr.‐Sin. has remained truer to the mind and spirit of the First
Evangelist than any other early Christian writer we know._ Whether he has
preserved the letter is more open to question.
(4) As regards the rendering (B), it is sufficient to say that the
“Ferrar” Group and the Old Lat. MSS., while representing a text which
differs from (A), _agree in affirming the Virgin Birth_. Some of them do
so with emphasis (e.g. _c_ and _b_). All of them (except _q_) contain the
word “Virgin”, but, with the exception of _c_ and _b_, the connexion
between ᾧ (_cui_) and μνηστευθεῖσα (_desponsata_) is left ambiguous.
III.
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