War in Peloponnesus between Sparta and the Arcadians. Epicharmus the comic poet flourishes. 468. 78. _Parmenides of Poseidonia._ Hieron victorious in the chariot race. * Pausanias dies in the temple of Minerva Chalciœcus. Death of Hieron. * Arcesilaus IV. of Cyrene conquers in the chariot race of Pytho. Thrasybulus expelled from Syracuse. Democracy established there, b. III. ch. 9. § 7. * The ἄγος Ταινάριον.(2026) 4. Earthquake at Sparta; revolt of the Messenian helots. * Lygdamis, son of Pisindelis, uncle of Artemisia, tyrant of Halicarnassus, kills Panyasis. Herodotus leaves his native town. Onatas, the head of the Æginetan school of sculpture, flourishes. 464. 79. _Xenophon of Corinth._ Diagoras of Rhodes in the boxing match. 1. Battle of Ithome, and siege of the fortress, to which the Spartans summon the allies. The Argives destroy Mycenæ, and other adjacent places, b. I. ch. 8. § 7. Re-establishment of the ancient government in the towns of Sicily, b. III. ch. 9. § 7. 3. After the termination of the Thasian war (Thuc. I. 101. Plutarch Cimon. 14.) Cimon leads Athenian auxiliaries to Sparta; which however are soon dismissed; on which Athens dissolves the alliance with Sparta, and forms one with Argos. 4. The Geloans restore Camarina. (Diodorus.) * Megara withdraws from the Peloponnesian alliance, and joins that of Athens. Pleistarchus dies about this time. Pleistoanax the Agid; Nicomedes his προδικος.(2027) 460. 80. _Torymbas the Thessalian._ Arcesilaus of Cyrene in the chariot race. 3. Sparta undertakes an expedition against Phocis in behalf of the Doric Tetrapolis. In the spring, war of Athens with the maritime powers of Peloponnesus. Battles at Haliæ and Cecryphalea. In Munychion. The Pythian games. Aristomenes of Ægina victorious. Pindar’s eighth Pythian ode may be referred to this time. The Æginetans are defeated by the Athenians, and Ægina besieged. The Peloponnesians attempt to relieve the island, and encounter the Athenians in the Megarid. 4. League of the Spartans on their return with Thebes. Victory of the Spartans and Thebans over the Athenians and Argives at Tanagra. Four months’ truce between Sparta and Athens. Expedition of Myronides (sixty days after the battle of Tanagra) and victory at Coronea. Ægina surrenders in the spring, after a siege of nine months. The race of the princes of Cyrene becomes extinct after the 80th Olympiad, b. III. ch. 9. § 13. 456. 81. _Polymnastus of Cyrene._ 1. Expedition of Tolmides against the coasts of Peloponnesus. 2. Ithome surrenders; treaty between Sparta and the Arcadians; Messenians at Naupactus. Proceedings of Pericles in the Crisæan gulph. * 3. Petalismus established at Syracuse, b. III. ch. 9. § 7. 552. 82. _Lycus the Thessalian._ Thirty years’ truce between Sparta and Argos (Thuc. V. 14.); five years’ truce with Athens.(2028) 4. The Lacedæmonians restore the independence of Delphi; the Athenians again reduce it under the yoke of the Phocians.