The History of Antiquity, Vol. 1 (of 6)Duncker, Max
History
The History of Antiquity, Vol. 1 (of 6)
Duncker, Max
History, Ancient
Such is the information we can gain from monuments of the achievements
of Ramses II. in Syria. His campaigns in the south appear to have been
attended by more important results. Sculptures in the temple at Abu
Simbel display the king sitting on his chariot, and leading back as
prisoners red figures, which here are probably Nubians, and negroes with
ropes round their necks: both tribes have no other garments but the
skins of wild animals. In another temple hewn in the rock of the western
bank at Beth-el-Walli, a little above Syene, we see Ramses II. standing
alone upon his war chariot, rushing with drawn bow on a crowd of
negroes, who are armed with very long bows, but clothed only with skins.
They fall before the horses of the king. Thus defeated, they fly to
their villages, which lie in a valley shadowed by cocoa-palms, in the
tops of which apes are climbing. Women and children come forth in
distress to meet the fugitives. The prisoners and the booty are brought
before the king, chieftains in fetters, and negroes carrying elephants'
tusks and ebony; others lead lions, panthers, antelopes, gazelles,
ostriches, and a giraffe, the animal of Central Africa.[221] Besides
this Ramses II. founded the furthest monument of Egyptian dominion up
the stream of the Nile, so that he must have ruled further to the south
than his father Sethos. Beyond Soleb, under the steep spur of Mount
Barkal, 400 miles or more above Syene, lie the ruins of a temple which
Ramses built in honour of Ammon.[222] Symbolical representations of the
temple already mentioned at Abu Simbel on the right and left of the
entrance collect all the victories which Ramses won. Before the god
Ammon, who hands to the king the scythe of battle, Ramses is brandishing
his club upon a crowd of kneeling enemies, whom he has seized by the
forelock. Among these are three negroes, three red and beardless men,
and four forms which are yellow and bearded. Ammon speaks thus: "I give
thee the scythe, slay with it; I give thee the south for subjection, and
the north for conquest, and to put to flight all the tribes of the
perverse nations, and to extend the fabric of thy dominion to the
pillars of the sky."[223]
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