The History of Antiquity, Vol. 1 (of 6)Duncker, Max
History
The History of Antiquity, Vol. 1 (of 6)
Duncker, Max
History, Ancient
Diodorus says:--"One of the old kings, named Menas, built on the lake of
Moeris, the City of Crocodiles, a tomb for himself, a square pyramid,
and the marvellous labyrinth." In another passage he says: "King Mendes,
whom some call Marrhus, was not distinguished by any military
achievements, but he built for his tomb the so-called labyrinth, which
is marvellous not so much for its size as for the inimitable art of the
structure. Without a thoroughly competent guide, it would not be easy
for any one to find his way out." And in a third passage we are told:
"The labyrinth at the entrance into Lake Moeris is a square
structure--each side measuring a stadium--built of the most beautiful
stone, unsurpassed in the sculptures and the art bestowed upon it."
"Passing through the enclosure, you see a house surrounded with pillars,
forty on each side, and with a roof of a single stone, adorned with
mullions in relief, and various paintings. It also contains the
monuments of the twelve provinces of Egypt of their sacred relics and
sacrifices, all represented in the most excellent pictures."[172]
Strabo's account is as follows:--"At the sluices (of the canal
connecting the basin and the lake) is the labyrinth, a work as great as
the pyramids, and moreover the grave of the king who built it. About
thirty or forty stades above the mouth of the canal is a table-land, on
which lies a hamlet and a palace made up of as many palaces as there are
districts in Egypt. For so many in number are the colonnaded courts,
adjoining each other in a row, and abutting on a partition against which
they are built as against a long wall.[173] The entrances which lead to
them are over against the wall. Before these entrances lie dark
chambers, long in shape, and numerous, which are connected with each
other by winding passages, so that without a guide it is impossible for
the stranger to find the entrance or exit belonging to each court. The
most marvellous thing is that the roof of each chamber consists of a
single stone. Even the dark passages (before the entrances into the
courts) are covered with slabs of a single stone, from side to side,
without use of wood or other support, and these slabs are of
extraordinary size. If you go out on the roof, and as there is but one
story, it is not high, you find before you a plateau of stones of this
kind. If from this point you look again into the courts, you see them
twenty-seven in number in a row, supported by pillars of a single stone.
The walls also are of stones not less in size. This number of courts are
said to have been erected because it was the custom for all the
districts to assemble here by their representatives, with their priests
and animals for sacrifice, in order to offer sacrifice and decide
matters of the greatest importance. Each district thus met in its own
court. At the end of the structure, which extends over more than a
stadium (in the square), lies the tomb, a square pyramid, of which each
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