Note: Images of the original pages are available through Internet Archive/American Libraries. See http://archive.org/details/historyofantiqui04dunciala Transcriber's note: 1. Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). 2. A carat character is used to denote superscription. A single character following the carat is superscripted (example: 1^2). 3. Mixed fractions in this text version are indicated with a hyphen and forward slash. For example, four and a half is represented by 4-1/2. 4. The original text includes Greek characters. For this text version these letters have been replaced with transliterations. THE HISTORY OF ANTIQUITY. From the German of PROFESSOR MAX DUNCKER, by Evelyn Abbott, M.A., LL.D., Fellow And Tutor Of Balliol College, Oxford. VOL. IV. London: Richard Bentley & Son, New Burlington Street, Publishers in Ordinary to Her Majesty the Queen. 1880. Bungay: Clay and Taylor, Printers. CONTENTS. BOOK V. _THE ARIANS ON THE INDUS AND THE GANGES._ CHAPTER I. PAGE THE LAND AND THE PEOPLE 1 CHAPTER II. THE ARYAS ON THE INDUS 27 CHAPTER III. THE CONQUEST OF THE LAND OF THE GANGES 65 CHAPTER IV. THE FORMATION AND ARRANGEMENT OF THE ORDERS 110 CHAPTER V. THE OLD AND THE NEW RELIGION 154 CHAPTER VI. THE CONSTITUTION AND LAW OF THE INDIANS 188 CHAPTER VII. THE CASTES AND THE FAMILY 236 CHAPTER VIII. THE THEOLOGY AND PHILOSOPHY OF THE BRAHMANS 270 BOOK VI. _BUDDHISTS AND BRAHMANS._ CHAPTER I. THE STATES ON THE GANGES IN THE SIXTH CENTURY B.C. 315 CHAPTER II. BUDDHA'S LIFE AND TEACHING 332 CHAPTER III. THE KINGDOM OF MAGADHA AND THE SETTLEMENTS IN THE SOUTH 365 CHAPTER IV. THE NATIONS AND PRINCES OF THE LAND OF THE INDUS 383 CHAPTER V. THE POLITICAL AND SOCIAL LIFE OF THE INDIANS IN THE FOURTH CENTURY B.C. 408 CHAPTER VI. CHANDRAGUPTA OF MAGADHA 439 CHAPTER VII. THE RELIGION OF THE BUDDHISTS 454 CHAPTER VIII. THE REFORMS OF THE BRAHMANS 491 CHAPTER IX. AÇOKA OF MAGADHA 521 CHAPTER X. RETROSPECT 544 BOOK V. THE ARIANS ON THE INDUS AND THE GANGES. INDIA. CHAPTER I. THE LAND AND THE PEOPLE.