The History of Antiquity, Vol. 5 (of 6)Duncker, Max
History
The History of Antiquity, Vol. 5 (of 6)
Duncker, Max
History, Ancient
The old Arian legend of the happy age of Yima shows itself even yet
through Firdusi's version. Death could not approach men under his
dominion; there was no sickness, and therefore Jemshid is said to have
discovered the art of healing. The Avesta had already found a motive for
the fall of Yima in the fact that he had refused to announce the law,
and at length had begun to love lies (p. 41). The Zohak of Firdusi is no
other than the ancient cloud dragon, Azhi dahaka, which attempts to
carry away the waters of the sky, and swallows up men and horses. He is
now a foreign, hostile, bloodthirsty king, who puts an end to the
blessings of Yima's reign in order to bring the reverse of blessing upon
Iran. Azhi dahaka had three heads and three throats; Zohak has two
serpents growing from his shoulders, to which by degrees thousands fall
as sacrifices, for they are fed with the brains of men, and for this
purpose two youths are slaughtered every day. That Zohak is called king
of Babylon is due to a reminiscence of the fact that the Assyrians ruled
over Western Iran, and the Seleucids and Chalifs over the whole country.
Zohak persecutes severely the descendants of Jemshid. Abtin, the last of
these, finally falls into his power; he causes him to be slain for his
serpents; but Abtin's wife carries off his young son Feridun in safety
to Elburz. When the latter is sixteen years of age his mother discloses
to him the fate of his father; the discontented gather round him, and
the angel Serosh teaches him how to overcome the magician Zohak. In the
citadel at Babylon Feridun strikes Zohak to the ground with a blow of
the club which Kave, the smith, has forged for him. But Serosh bids him
not to kill Zohak, who is now chained in a deep cave in Elburz, under
Demavend, the highest summit on the chain. Abtin, the descendant of
Jemshid, is the Athwya of the Avesta; Feridun is Thraetaona, the son of
Athwya, the slayer of Dahaka; the angel Serosh is the well-known god
Çraosha. Feridun is not permitted to slay Zohak, because Azhi dahaka is
also a demon.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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