[Illustration: _Raeburn. pinx^t._ _Dean, sculp^t._ JOSEPH BLACK, M.D. F.R.S.E. _London. Published by Henry Colburn & Richard Bentley. 1830._] THE HISTORY OF CHEMISTRY. BY THOMAS THOMSON, M.D. F.R.S.E. PROFESSOR OF CHEMISTRY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW. IN TWO VOLUMES. VOL. I. LONDON: HENRY COLBURN, AND RICHARD BENTLEY, NEW BURLINGTON STREET. 1830. C. WHITING, BEAUFORT HOUSE, STRAND. PREFACE. It may be proper, perhaps, to state here, in a very few words, the objects which the author had in view in drawing up the following History of Chemistry. Alchymy, or the art of making gold, with which the science originated, furnishes too curious a portion of the aberrations of the human intellect to be passed over in silence. The writings of the alchymists are so voluminous and so mystical, that it would have afforded materials for a very long work. But I was prevented from extending this part of the subject to any greater length than I have done, by considering the small quantity of information which could have been gleaned from the reveries of these fanatics or impostors; I thought it sufficient to give a general view of the nature of their pursuits: but in order to put it in the power of those who feel inclined to prosecute such investigations, I have given a catalogue of the most eminent of the alchymists and a list of their works, so far as I am acquainted with them. This catalogue might have been greatly extended. Indeed it would have been possible to have added several hundred names. But I think the works which I have quoted are more than almost any reasonable man would think it worth his while to peruse; and I can state, from experience, that the information gained by such a perusal will very seldom repay the trouble. * * * * * The account of the chemical arts, with which the ancients were acquainted, is necessarily imperfect; because all arts and trades were held in so much contempt by them that they did not think it worth their while to make themselves acquainted with the processes. My chief guide has been Pliny, but many of his descriptions are unintelligible, obviously from his ignorance of the arts which he attempts to describe. Thus circumstanced, I thought it better to be short than to waste a great deal of paper, as some have done, on hypothesis and conjecture. * * * * *