The History of Chemistry, Volume 1 (of 2)Thomson, Thomas
History
The History of Chemistry, Volume 1 (of 2)
Thomson, Thomas
Chemistry -- History
The following strange story is related by Helvetius, physician to the
Prince of Orange, in his Vitulus Aureus: Helvetius was a disbeliever of
the philosopher’s stone, and the universal medicine, and even turned
Sir Kenelm Digby’s sympathetic powder into ridicule. On the 27th of
December, 1666, a stranger called upon him, and after conversing for
some time about a universal medicine, showed a yellow powder, which
he affirmed to be the philosopher’s stone, and at the same time five
large plates of gold, which had been made by means of it. Helvetius
earnestly entreated that he would give him a little of this powder,
or at least that he would make a trial of its power; but the stranger
refused, promising however to return in six weeks. He returned
accordingly, and after much entreaty he gave to Helvetius a piece of
the stone, not larger than the size of a rape-seed. When Helvetius
expressed his doubt whether so small a portion would be sufficient to
convert four grains of lead into gold, the adept broke off one half of
it, and assured him that what remained was more than sufficient for the
purpose. Helvetius, during the first conference, had concealed a little
of the stone below his nail. This he threw into melted lead, but it was
almost all driven off in smoke, leaving only a vitreous earth. When he
mentioned this circumstance, the stranger informed him that the powder
must be enclosed in wax, before it be thrown into the melted lead, lest
it should be injured by the smoke of the lead. The stranger promised
to return next day, and show him the method of making the projection;
but having failed to make his appearance, Helvetius, in the presence
of his wife and son, put six drachms of lead into a crucible, and as
soon as it was melted he threw into it the fragment of philosopher’s
stone in his possession, previously covered over with wax. The crucible
was now covered with its lid, and left for a quarter of an hour in the
fire, at the end of which time he found the whole lead converted into
gold. The colour was at first a deep green; being poured into a conical
vessel, it assumed a blood-red colour; but when cold, it acquired the
true tint of gold. Being examined by a goldsmith, he considered it as
pure gold. He requested Porelius, who had the charge of the Dutch mint,
to try its value. Two drachms of it being subjected to quartation, and
solution in aqua fortis, were found to have increased in weight by two
scruples. This increase was doubtless owing to the silver, which still
remained enveloped in the gold, after the action of the aqua fortis.
To endeavour to separate the silver more completely, the gold was again
fused with seven times its weight of antimony, and treated in the usual
manner; but no alteration took place in the weight.[13]
[13] Bergmann, Opusc. iv. 121.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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