A Definition, with Remarks and Evidence--An Inquiry into the Origin of Chivalry--Various Opinions on the Subject--Reasons for doubting the great Antiquity of Chivalry, properly so called--The State of Society which preceded it, and of that which gave it Birth--Its Origin and early Progress. 17 CHAPTER II. Of Chivalrous Customs--Education--Grades--Services on the Reception of a Knight--On Tournaments--Jousts--Combats at Outrance--Passages of Arms--The Round Table--Privileges of Knighthood--Duties of Knighthood. 31 CHAPTER III. The Progress of Chivalry in Europe--Exploits--That some great Enterprise was necessary to give Chivalry an extensive and permanent Effect--That Enterprise presented itself in the Crusades--Pilgrimage to Jerusalem--Haroun Al Raschid-- Charlemagne--Cruelties of the Turks--Pilgrimages continued-- Peter the Hermit--Council of Clermont. 53 CHAPTER IV. The Effects of the Council of Clermont--State of France-- Motives of the People for embracing the Crusade--Benefits produced--The Enthusiasm general--Rapid Progress--The first Bodies of Crusaders begin their March--Gautier sans avoir-- His Army--Their Disasters--Reach Constantinople--Peter the Hermit sets out with an immense Multitude--Storms Semlin-- Defeated at Nissa--His Host dispersed--The Remains collected--Joins Gautier--Excesses of the Multitude--The Italians and Germans separate from the French--The Germans exterminated--The French cut to pieces--Conduct of Alexius. 73 CHAPTER V. The Chivalry of Europe takes the Field--The Leaders--Godfrey of Bouillon--Conducts his Army towards Constantinople--Hugh the Great--Leads his Army through Italy--Embarks for Durazzo--Taken Prisoner--Liberated--Robert, Duke of Normandy--Winters in Italy--Arrives at Constantinople-- Robert, Count of Flanders--Joins the rest--Boemond of Tarentum--Tancred--Their March--Defeat the Greeks--Boemond does Homage--Tancred avoids it--The Count of Toulouse arrives--Refuses to do Homage--Robert of Normandy does Homage. 89 CHAPTER VI. Germ of After-misfortunes already springing up in the Crusade--Siege of Nice--First Engagement with the Turks-- Siege continued--The Lake occupied--Surrender of Nice to the Emissaries of Alexius--Discontent--March towards Antioch--The Army divides into two Bodies--Battle of Doryloeum--Dreadful March through Phrygia--Adventures of Baldwin and Tancred-- Arrival at Antioch--The City invested 109 CHAPTER VII.