The History of Creation, Vol. 1 (of 2): Or the Development of the Earth and its Inhabitants by the Action of Natural CausesHaeckel, Ernst
Philosophy
The History of Creation, Vol. 1 (of 2): Or the Development of the Earth and its Inhabitants by the Action of Natural Causes
Haeckel, Ernst
Evolution; Heredity; Human beings -- Origin
Oken was therefore
right when, more divining than knowing, he made the assertion—“Every
organic thing has arisen out of slime, and is nothing but slime in
different forms. This primitive slime originated in the sea, from
inorganic matter in the course of planetary-evolution.”
Another equally grand idea of the same philosopher is closely connected
with his theory of primitive slime, which coincides with the extremely
important _Protoplasm theory_. For Oken, as early as 1809, asserted that
the primitive slime produced in the sea by spontaneous generation, at
once assumed the form of microscopically small bladders, which he called
“_Mile_,” or “_Infusoria_.” “Organic nature has for its basis an
infinity of such vesicles.” These little bladders arise from original
semi-fluid globules of the primitive slime, by the fact of their
periphery becoming condensed. The simplest organism, as well as every
animal and every plant of higher kind, is nothing else than “an
accumulation (synthesis) of such infusorial bladders, which by various
combinations assume various forms, and thus develop into higher
organisms.” Here again we need only translate the expression _little
bladder_, or _infusorium_, by the word _cell_, and we arrive at the Cell
theory, one of the grandest biological theories of our century.
Schleiden and Schwann, about thirty years ago, were the first to furnish
experiential proof that all organisms are either simple cells, or
accumulations (syntheses) of such cells, and the more recent protoplasm
theory has shown that protoplasm (the original slime) is the most
essential (and sometimes the only) constituent part of the genuine cell.
The properties which Oken ascribes to his Infusoria are exactly the
properties of cells, the properties of elementary beings, by whose
accumulation, combination, and varying development, the higher organisms
are formed.
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