Produced by Chuck Greif and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net [Etext transcriber's note: The use of Spanish accents in this text varies and has not been altered (ie. both Senor and Señor [tilde n], Senora and Señora [tilde n], José [acute accented letter e] and Jose appear; both Nunez and Nuñez [tilde n], Marti and Martí [acute accented i], Carreno and Carreño appear [tilde n].) Several typographical errors have been corrected (Almandares=>Almendares, Donate=>Donato, etc.).] [Illustration: JOSÉ MARTÍ The first great apostle and martyr of the Cuban War of Independence, José Martí, was born in Havana on January 28, 1853, and fell in battle at Dos Rios on May 19, 1895. He was a Professor of Literature, Doctor of Laws, economist, philosopher, essayist, journalist, poet, historian, statesman, tribune of the people, organizer of the final and triumphant cause of Cuban freedom. He suffered imprisonment in Spain and exile in Mexico, Guatemala, and the United States, doing his crowning work in the last-named country as the vitalizing and energizing head of the Cuban Junta in New York. His fame must be lasting as the nation which he founded, wide as the world which he adorned.] THE HISTORY OF CUBA BY WILLIS FLETCHER JOHNSON A.M., L.H.D. Author of "A Century of Expansion," "Four Centuries of the Panama Canal," "America's Foreign Relations" Honorary Professor of the History of American Foreign Relations in New York University _WITH ILLUSTRATIONS_ VOLUME FOUR [Illustration] NEW YORK B. F. BUCK & COMPANY, INC. 156 FIFTH AVENUE 1920 Copyright, 1920, BY CENTURY HISTORY CO. _All rights reserved_ ENTERED AT STATIONERS HALL LONDON, ENGLAND. PRINTED IN U. S. A. CONTENTS PAGE CHAPTER I 1 Cuba for the Cubans--Era of the War of Independence--Organization of the Cuban Revolutionary Party--Vigilance of the Spanish Government--The Sartorius Uprising--The Abarzuza "Home Rule" Measure--Beginning of the War of Independence--José Marti, His Genius and His Work--Members of the Junta in New York--Independence the Aim--Marti's Departure for Cuba--Association with Maximo Gomez--Death of Marti--His Legacy of Ideals to Cuba. CHAPTER II 19 Aims and Methods of the Junta--Efforts to Avoid American Complications--Filibustering Expeditions--Contraband Messenger Service--Attitude of the Various Classes of the Cuban People Toward the Revolution--No Racial nor Partisan Differences--The Spanish Element--The Mass of the Cuban People United for National Independence. CHAPTER III 29