Duelling, under the Directory, again becomes fashionable.--Numerous meetings in the Bois de Boulogne.--Duel between Generals Destaing and Reynier.--A diplomatic duel.--Napoleon’s dislike of duelling, and distrust of duellists.--Infrequency of duelling during his reign.--Effect of the restoration of the Bourbons upon society.--Duels occasioned by parliamentary speeches and paper wars.--St Marcellin killed in a duel by his bosom friend Fayau.--Duel between Beaupoil de St. Aulaire and M. de Pierrebourg.--Between M. de Ségur and General Gourgaud.--Between two novel writers--Between M. Raynouard and M. Garnerey, the artist.--Between Treins and Damarzil.--Prosecutions of survivors.--Duel between Roque-plaine and Durré.--Singular duel at Bourdeaux.--Strictures on the conduct of the seconds.--Military duels.--Challenges between newspaper editors.--Mania for duelling after the revolution of July.--Singular duel between M. Lethuillier and M. Wattebaut.--Between General Bugeaud and M. Dulong.--Fatal duel fought in public.--Challenge of a general Officer to Marshal Soult Page 237 CHAPTER XIV. DUELS BETWEEN FRENCH WOMEN 270 CHAPTER XV. CODE OF DUELLING ESTABLISHED IN FRANCE 274 CHAPTER XVI. FRENCH VIEWS OF THE CHARACTER AND DUTIES OF A SECOND, AND OF THE EXPEDIENCY OF DUELLING 294 CHAPTER XVII. DUELLING IN ITALY. Enactments of Theoderic against Duelling.--Prevalence in Cisalpine Gaul.--Duels to maintain the innocence of Women accused of Adultery.--Edict of Luitprand.--Efforts of Charlemagne to check Duelling.--The practice re-established by Otho the Second.--Works on the science.--Duel between Charles d’Anjou and the King of Arragon.--Between Charles the Third and Louis the First.--Duelling at Naples.--Professors of La Scienza Cavalleresca.--Military Order of St. George.--Disputes between the Guelphs and Ghibelins.--Introduction of Seconds and Witnesses.--Brantôme’s story of a Neapolitan Duellist--Celebrated Italian Fencing-masters.--“The Hamstring-cut.”--“The Vendetta.”--Scientific Assassinations.--Duel in the presence of the Prince of Orange.--Duel by Torch-light before the Duke Hercules d’Este.--Decree compelling Duellists to fight on the Parapet of the Bridge of Turin.--Humbert the Second’s Reply to a Challenge.--Extraordinary Duel in the town of Ostuni between the Count de Conversano and the Prince of Francavilla.--Duel between Crequi and Philippin, brother of the Duke of Savoy.--Tournament between twelve Frenchmen and twelve Italians.--Beccaria’s reasons for the frequency of Duelling in Italy.--Science of Assassination.--Duelling at Malta.--Singular Duel at Valetta between Signor Vasconcellos and M. de Foulquerre. 303 CHAPTER XVIII. DUELLING IN SPAIN.