St. Aidan’s mission planted at Lindisfarne 155 Oswald as Bretwalda 157 642. Oswald defeated by Penda at Maserfield and slain 158 Canonisation of Oswald 159 CHAPTER X. OSWY AND PENDA. Early history of Mercia 160 Conversion of Wessex by Birinus 161 Conversion of East Anglia 163 637. Egric, King of East Anglia, slain in battle with Penda 164 654. His successor, Anna, shares the same fate 165 Oswy reigns in Bernicia and Oswin in Deira 165 Marriage of Oswy with Eanfled, daughter of Edwin 165 Murder of Oswin, King of Deira 167 Death of St. Aidan 167 Ravages of Penda 168 Penda’s son, Peada, converted to Christianity 169 655. Battle of the Winwaed. Penda defeated by Oswy and slain 170 CHAPTER XI. TERRITORIAL CHANGES--THE CONFERENCE AT WHITBY--THE GREAT PLAGUE. History of Northumbria. Alchfrid, King of Deira 171 The Bewcastle Cross 172 658. History of Mercia. Wulfhere, son of Penda, throws off the yoke of Oswald 173 653. Sigebert, King of Essex, becomes Christian 175 Temporary relapse of East Saxons into heathenism 176 Wars between Wessex and Mercia 178 Division between Celtic and Roman Churches on the question of date of Easter 179 664. Synod convoked at Whitby to settle this question 180 Chief combatants on either side 182 First appearance of Wilfrid 183 The dispute settled in favour of the Roman Easter 186 Ravages of the great plague 188 671. Death of Oswy 190 CHAPTER XII. KING EGFRID AND THREE GREAT CHURCHMEN: WILFRID, THEODORE, CUTHBERT. 671–685. Chief events of Egfrid’s reign 191