Cotton, in its rough state, is called _kápas_, and when cleaned _kápok_. The process of separating the seeds is performed by means of a _gilíng'an_, which is a roller, consisting of two wooden cylinders revolving in opposite directions, between which the fibre is made to pass. This operation is very tedious, two days being necessary for one person to clean a _káti_, equivalent to a pound and a quarter English. After the separation of the seed, it is _géblek_, or beaten with a rattan, and _píndi_ or picked. The finer sort is then bowed after the Indian manner; this operation is called _wusóni_. The cotton thus prepared is afterwards pulled out and drawn round a stick, when it is called _púsuh_. To perform the process upon a single _káti_ will employ one person about two days. The cotton is now ready for spinning (_'ngánti_), and requires ten additional days' labour of one person, to convert the small quantity above mentioned into yarn, when the result is found to be three _tukal_, or hanks, of the ordinary kind. Previous to the operation of weaving, the yarn is boiled, and afterwards dressed and combed with rice-water. When dry, it is wound round a sort of reel, termed _'íngan_, and prepared for weaving. These are the last operations it undergoes till it is put into the hands of the weaver, and requires, in ordinary circumstances, three days for its completion. Four days are required even by an expert weaver, and five or six by an ordinary one, to manufacture a _sárong_, or piece of cloth, a fathom and a half long and five spans broad (equal to three square handkerchiefs of the ordinary size worn on the head). The cloths thus prepared, while uncoloured, are distinguished by the term _láwon_. The spinning-wheel is termed _jántra_, and the spindle _kísi_. The loom, with all its apparatus, is called _ábah ábah tenún_, the shuttle _trópong_, the woof _máni_, and the warp _pákan_. Both machines resemble those described on the continent of India, but are neater and much better made: the loom especially is more perfect: the weaver, instead of sitting in holes dug in the ground, invariably sits on a raised flooring, generally in front of the house, her legs being stretched out horizontally under the loom. The price of the spinning-wheel varies from less than half a rupee to a rupee, and that of the loom from a rupee to a Spanish dollar. The operations of spinning and weaving are confined exclusively to the women, who from the highest to the lowest rank, prepare the cloths of their husbands and their families. Coloured cottons (_járit_) are distinguished into _lúri_ or _lúri gíng'gang_, those in which the yarn is dyed previously to weaving; and _bátik_, those which are dyed subsequently. The process of weaving the former is similar to that of the gingham, which it resembles, and need not therefore be detailed; but the latter, being peculiar to Java, may deserve a more particular description.