The History of Philosophy in IslamBoer, T. J. de (Tjitze J.)
Islamic
The History of Philosophy in Islam
Boer, T. J. de (Tjitze J.)
Islamic philosophy -- History
His theory of human nature is dualistic. Body and Soul have no
essential connection with one another. All bodies are produced, under
the influence of the stars, from the mingling of the Elements; and in
this way the human body also is produced, but from a combination in
which the finest proportion is observed. A spontaneous generation of
the body, just like the extinction and restoration of the human race,
is therefore possible. The Soul, however, is not to be explained from
such mixture of the Elements. It is not the inseparable Form of the
body, but is accidental to it. From the Giver of Forms, that is—from
the Active Spirit over us, every Body receives its own Soul, which is
adapted to it and to it alone. From its very beginning each Soul is an
individual substance, and it developes increasing individuality
throughout its life in the body. It must be admitted that this does not
agree with the contention that Matter is the principle of
individuality. But the Soul is the “infant prodigy” of our philosopher.
He is not a credulous man, and he often cautions us against too ready
an acceptance of mysteries in the life of the Soul; but still he has
the art himself of relating many things about the numerous wonderful
powers and possible influences of the Soul, as it wanders along the
highly intricate pathways of life, and crosses the abysses of Being and
Not-Being.
The speculative faculties are the choicest of all the powers of the
Soul. Acquaintance with the world is conveyed to the rational soul by
the External and Internal Senses. In particular a full account is given
by Ibn Sina of his theory of the Internal Senses, or the
sensuous-spiritual faculties of representation, which have their seat
in the brain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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