The History of Philosophy in IslamBoer, T. J. de (Tjitze J.)
Islamic
The History of Philosophy in Islam
Boer, T. J. de (Tjitze J.)
Islamic philosophy -- History
5. After secular instruction in Grammar, Poetry and History, and after
religious education and doctrine, philosophic study should begin with
the mathematical branches. Here everything is set forth in
Neo-Pythagorean and Indian fashion. Not only numbers but even the
letters of the alphabet are employed in childish trifling. It was
particularly convenient for the Brethren that the number of letters in
the Arabic alphabet is 28, or 4 multiplied by 7. Instead of proceeding
according to practical and real points of view, they give the rein to
fancy in all the sciences, in accordance with grammatical analogies and
relations of numbers. Their Arithmetic does not investigate Number as
such, but rather its significance. No search is made for any more
suitable mode of expressing number in the case of phenomena; but things
are themselves explained in accordance with the system of numbers. The
Theory of number is Divine wisdom, and is above Things, for things are
only formed after the pattern of numbers. The absolute principle of all
existence and thought is the number One. The science of number,
therefore, is found at the beginning, middle, and end of all
philosophy. Geometry, with its figures addressing the eye, serves
merely to make it more easily understood by beginners, but Arithmetic
alone is true and pure science. And yet Geometry too is divided into a
sensible form of it which deals with lines, surfaces and solids, and a
pure or spiritual form which treats of the dimensions or properties of
things, such as length, breadth and depth. The object both of
Arithmetic and Geometry is to conduct the soul from the sensible to the
spiritual.
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