The History of Philosophy in IslamBoer, T. J. de (Tjitze J.)
Islamic
The History of Philosophy in Islam
Boer, T. J. de (Tjitze J.)
Islamic philosophy -- History
Farabi lived perpetually in the world of the Intellect. A king in the
mental realm, a beggar in worldly possessions, he felt happy with his
books, and with the birds and flowers of his garden. To his people,—the
Muslim community,—he could be only very little. In his political and
ethical teaching there was no proper place for worldly matters or for
the ‘holy war’. His philosophy did not satisfy any need appertaining to
the senses, while it spoke against the life of imagination belonging
both to the senses and the intellect, as that life gives special
expression to itself in the creations of Art and in religious fancies.
He was lost in the abstractions of pure Spirit. As a pious, holy man,
he was an object of wonder to his contemporaries, and by a few
disciples he was honoured as the personification of wisdom; but by the
genuine scholars of Islam he was always decried as a heretic. There
was, of course, ground enough for this: just as Natural Philosophy
easily led to Naturalism and Atheism, the Monotheism of the Logicians
imperceptibly conducted to Pantheism.
15. Farabi had no great following of disciples: Abu Zakariya Yakhya ibn
Adi, a Jacobite Christian, became known as a translator of Aristotelian
works; but a pupil of Zakariya’s came to be more spoken of, called Abu
Sulaiman Mohammed ibn Tahir ibn Bahram al-Sidjistani, who gathered
about him in Bagdad, in the second half of the tenth century, the
learned men of his time. The conversational discussions which they
conducted, and the philosophical instructions which were imparted by
the master, have been to some extent preserved, and we can clearly see
the outcome of the school. Just as Natural Philosophy drifted into a
secret lore, and the school of Kindi abandoned Philosophy for the
separate branches of Mathematical and Physical Science, so the logical
tendency of Farabi passed into a philosophy of words. Distinctions and
definitions form the subject of these conferences. Individual points in
the history of philosophy and in the several sciences are discussed
also, without any systematic connection; but almost never does any
positive interest in these subjects appear. The Human Soul occupies the
foreground entirely, just as in the case of the Faithful Brethren,
except that these last dealt rather with the marvellous operations of
the Soul, while the Logicians pondered over its rational essence and
its elevation to the Supra-rational. The Sidjistani Society trifled
with words and concepts, instead of with numbers and letters after the
fashion of the Brethren; but the end in both cases was—a mystical
Sufism.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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