Exile of Prostitutes.--Measures of Louis XIV.--Laws of 1684 and 1713.--Police Regulations.--Ordinance of 1778.-- Republican Legislation.--Frightful state of Paris.--Efforts to pass a general Law.--The Court.--Louis XIII.--The Medicis.--Louis XIV.--La Vallière.--Montespan.--Maintenon.-- Literature of the Day.--Feudal Rights.--The Regency.--Duchess of Berri.--Claudine de Tencin.--Louis XV.--Madame de Pompadour.--Dubarry.--Parc aux Cerfs.--Louis XVI.--Philippe Egalité.--Subsequent Sovereigns.--Literature.--Lewd Novels and Pictures.--Tendency of Philosophy.--The Church. 120 CHAPTER IX. FRANCE.--SYPHILIS. First recorded Appearance in Europe.--Description by Fracastor.--Conduct of the Faculty.--First Hospitals in Paris.--Shocking Condition of the Sick.--New Syphilitic Hospital.--Plan of Treatment.--Establishment of the Salpétrière.--Bicêtre.--Capuchins.--Hospital du Midi.-- Reforms there.--Visiting Physicians.--Dispensary.-- Statistics of Disease.--Progress and Condition of Disease. 131 CHAPTER X. FRANCE.--PRESENT REGULATIONS. Number of Prostitutes in Paris.--Their Nativity, Parentage, Education, Age, etc.--Causes of Prostitution.--Rules concerning tolerated Houses.--Maisons de Passe.--Windows.-- Keepers.--Formalities upon granting Licenses.--Recruits.-- Pimps.--Profits of Prostitution.--Inscription.-- Interrogatories.--Nativity, how ascertained.--Obstacles.-- Principles of Inscription.--Age at which Inscription is made.--Radiation.--Provisional Radiation.--Statistics of Radiation.--Classes of Prostitutes.--Visit to the Dispensary.--Visiting Physicians.--Punishment.--Offenses.-- Prison Discipline.--Saint Denis.--Tax on Prostitutes.-- Inspectors.--Bon Pasteur Asylum.--(Note: Duchatelet's Bill for the Repression of Prostitution.) 139 CHAPTER XI. ITALY. Decline of Public Morals.--Papal Court.--Nepotism.--John XXII.--Sextus IV.--Alexander VI.--Effect of the Reformation.-- Poem of Fracastoro.--Benvenuto Cellini.--Beatrice Cenci.--Laws of Naples.--Pragmatic Law of 1470.--Court of Prostitutes.-- Bull of Clement II.--Prostitution in Lombardy and Piedmont.-- Clerical Statute.--Modern Italy.--Laws of Rome.--Public Hospitals.--Lazaroni of Naples.--Italian Manners as depicted by Lord Byron.--Foundling Hospitals.--True Character of Italian People. 154 CHAPTER XII. SPAIN.