The History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus AureliusCruttwell, Charles Thomas
Philosophy
The History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus Aurelius
Cruttwell, Charles Thomas
Latin literature -- History and criticism
The third book, after a short and offensively allusive description of the
labours of preceding poets, sketches the twelve _athla_ or accidents of
human life, to each of which is assigned its special guardian influence.
It then passes to the horoscope, which it treats at length, giving minute
and various directions how to draw it. The extreme importance attached to
this process by Tiberius, and the growing frequency with which, on every
occasion, Chaldeans and Astrologers were now consulted, made the poet
specially careful to treat this subject with clearness and precision. It
is accordingly the most readable of all the purely technical parts of the
work. The account of the tropics, with which the book closes, is
singularly inaccurate, but contains some rather elegant descriptions: [81]
at the tropic of Cancer summer always reigns, at Capricorn there is
perpetual winter. The book here breaks off quite abruptly; apparently he
intended to compose the epilogue at some future time, but had no
opportunity of doing it.
The exordium to the fourth book, which sometimes rises into eloquence,
glorifies fate as the ultimate divine power, but denies it either will or
personality. He fortifies his argument, according to his wont, by a
historical catalogue, which exemplifies the harshness that, except in
philosophical digressions, rarely leaves his style. Then follow the
horoscopic properties of the Zodiacal constellations, the various reasons
for desiring to be born under one star rather than another, a sort of
horoscopico-zodiacal account of the world, its physical geography, and the
properties of the zones. These give occasion for some graphic touches of
history and legend; the diction of this book is far superior to that of
the preceding three, but the wisdom is questionable which reserves the
"good wine" until so late. Passing on to the ecliptic, he drags in the
legends of Deucalion, Phaethon, and others, which he treats in a
rhetorical way, and concludes the book with an appeal to man's reason, and
to the necessity of allowing the mental eye free vision. Somewhat
inconsistently with the half-religious attitude of the first and second
books, he here preaches once more the doctrine of irresistible fate, which
to most of the Roman poets occupies the place of God. The poem practically
ends here. He himself implies at the opening of Book V., that most poets
would not have pursued the theme further; apparently he is led on by his
interest in the subject, or by the barrenness of his invention which could
suggest no other. The book, which is unfinished, contains a description of
various stars, with legends interspersed in which a more ambitious style
appears, and a taste which, though rhetorical and pedantic, is more
chastened than in the earlier books.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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