The History of Saint Augustine, FloridaDewhurst, William W. (William Whitwell)
History
The History of Saint Augustine, Florida
Dewhurst, William W. (William Whitwell)
Florida -- History -- To 1821; Saint Augustine (Fla.) -- History
This St. Nicholas is now called Moultrie Creek, in honor of a
lieutenant-governor of the province during the British occupancy, who
built at its mouth an elegant country residence, which he called Bella
Vista. It is situated six miles south of St. Augustine, and empties into
the Matanzas River. Besides the explicit testimony of Romans, there is a
certain amount of negative testimony to discredit the statement that an
Indian town was located on the present site of St. Augustine.
First, the location at the mouth of Moultrie Creek would have been a
more desirable location for an Indian town than the site of St.
Augustine, because the land at St. Augustine was low ground (by some
writers said to have been a marsh, though others say it was an oak
hummock). It must have been subject to overflow at the periods of very
high tides, and always exposed to the force of gales. There is also good
reason to believe that there was water or low ground between the
southern end of the town and the fort, and, moreover, there are no signs
of Indian occupation within the city proper. There are many traces of an
Indian settlement to the north of the city, on the lands of Mr. Williams
and in that vicinity, and all accounts agree that there was an Indian
town there in the early Spanish times. There are acres of Mr. Williams’s
land that are so thickly strewn with oyster shells as to render its
cultivation difficult.
However the facts may be as to the location of the first landing of
Menendez and the attendant ceremonies, it is certain that, soon after,
the foundations of the town were laid on its present site, and the town,
with its fortifications, regularly laid out. The city was originally
planned to be three squares one way by four the other. At this time a
stockade or fortification was built upon or near the site of the present
fort. At about the same period a parish church and hall of justice were
erected, and civil officers appointed.
During the winter succeeding the settlement of the Spaniards at St.
Augustine, there was a great scarcity of provisions in the colony, so
that the settlers were forced to forage upon the neighboring Indians,
and to depend upon such supplies of fish and game as they might secure.
The danger which attended any expeditions for hunting rendered this but
a meager source of supply. Satouriva, the chief of the Indians, who
inhabited the territory to the north, between St. Augustine and the St.
Johns River, had been a friend of Laudonnère, and from the time of the
destruction of the French he continued unceasingly to wage war on the
Spaniards. His method of warfare exhibited the same bravery and cunning
that has since become characteristic of the Indians, never being found
when looked for--ever present when unexpected. By the constant harassing
attacks, encouraged by this chief, the Spaniards lost many valuable
lives, among them Juan Menendez, nephew of the governor.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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