The History of Silk, Cotton, Linen, Wool, and Other Fibrous Substances;: Including Observations on Spinning, Dyeing, and Weaving.Gilroy, Clinton G.
History
The History of Silk, Cotton, Linen, Wool, and Other Fibrous Substances;: Including Observations on Spinning, Dyeing, and Weaving.
Gilroy, Clinton G.
History, Ancient; Textile fabrics -- History
“We tried another experiment. We pressed pretty firmly upon the base
of the spinnerets, so as not to injure the spider, blowing obliquely
over them; but no floating line appeared. We then touched them with a
pencil and drew out several lines an inch or two in length, upon which
we blew in order to extend them, but in this also we were unsuccessful,
as they did not lengthen more than a quarter of an inch. We next
traced out the reservoirs of a garden-spider (_Epeira diadema_), and
immediately taking a drop of the matter from one of them on the point
of a fine needle, we directed upon it a strong current of air, and
succeeded in blowing out a thick yellow line, as we might have done
with gum-water, of about an inch and a half long.
“When we observed our long-bodied spider eager to throw a line by
raising up its body, we brought within three inches of its spinnerets
an excited stick of sealing-wax, of which it took no notice, nor did
any thread extend to it, not even when brought almost to touch the
spinnerets. We experienced the same want of success with an excited
glass rod; and indeed had not anticipated any other result, as we have
never observed that either these attract or repel the floating threads,
as Mr. Murray has seen them do; nor have we ever noticed the end of a
floating thread separated into its component threadlets and diverging
like a brush, as he and Mr. Bowman describe (See Fig. 11.). It may
be proper to mention that Mr. Murray, in conformity with his theory,
explains the shooting of lines in a current of air by the electric
state produced by motion in consequence of the mutual friction of the
gaseous particles. But this view of the matter does not seem to affect
our statements.”
NESTS, WEBS, AND NETS OF SPIDERS.--“The neatest,” says
Mr. Rennie, “though the smallest spider’s nest which we have seen,
was constructed in the chink of a garden-post, which we had cut out
the previous summer in getting at the cells of a carpenter-bee. The
architect was one of the larger hunting-spiders, erroneously said by
some naturalists to be incapable of spinning. The nest in question was
about two inches high, composed of a very close satin-like texture.
There were two parallel chambers placed perpendicularly, in which
position also the inhabitant reposed there during the day, going,
as we presume, only abroad to prey during the night. But the most
remarkable circumstance was, that the openings (two above and two
below) were so elastic, that they shut closely together. We observed
this spider for several months, but at last it disappeared, and we took
the nest out under the notion that it might contain eggs; but found
none, and therefore concluded that it was only used as a day retreat.”
The account which Evelyn has given of these hunting spiders is so
interesting that we must transcribe it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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