Wehrs gives the invention of Linen paper to Germany--Schönemann to Italy--Opinion of various writers, ancient and modern--Linen paper produced in Egypt from mummy-cloth, A. D. 1200--Testimony of Abdollatiph--Europe indebted to Egypt for linen paper until the eleventh century--Cotton paper--The knowledge of manufacturing, how procured, and by whom--Advantages of Egyptian paper manufacturer’s--Clugny’s testimony--Egyptian manuscript of linen paper bearing date A. D. 1100--Ancient water-marks on linen paper--Linen paper first introduced into Europe by the Saracens of Spain. (The Wasp a paper-maker--Manufacture of paper from shavings of wood, and from the stalks or leaves of Indian-corn.) 404 APPENDIX C. ON FELT. MANUFACTURE AND USE OF FELTING BY THE ANCIENTS. Felting more ancient than weaving--Felt used in the East--Use of it by the Tartars--Felt made of goats’-hair by the Circassians--Use of felt in Italy and Greece--Cap worn by the Cynics, Fishermen, Mariners, Artificers, &c.--Cleanthes compares the moon to a skull-cap--Desultores--Vulcan--Ulysses--Phrygian bonnet--Cap worn by the Asiatics--Phrygian felt of Camels’-hair--Its great stiffness--Scarlet and purple felt used by Babylonish decorators--Mode of manufacturing--Felt Northern nations of Europe--Cap of liberty--Petasus--Statue of Endymion--Petasus in works of ancient art--Hats of Thessaly and Macedonia--Laconian or Arcadian hats--The Greeks manufacture Felt 900 B. C.--Mercury with the pileus and petasus--Miscellaneous uses of Felt 414 APPENDIX D. ON NETTING. MANUFACTURE AND USE OF NETS BY THE ANCIENTS--ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE SCRIPTURES, ETC. Nets were made of Flax, Hemp, and Broom--General terms for nets--Nets used for catching birds--Mode of snaring--Hunting-nets--Method of hunting--Hunting-nets supported by forked stakes--Manner of fixing them--Purse-net or tunnel-net--Homer’s testimony--Nets used by the Persians in lion-hunting--Hunting with nets practised by the ancient Egyptians--Method of hunting--Depth of nets for this purpose--Description of the purse-net--Road-net--Hallier--Dyed feathers used to scare the prey--Casting-net--Manner of throwing by the Arabs--Cyrus king of Persia--His fable of the piper and the fishes--Fishing-nets--Casting-net used by the Apostles--Landing-net (Scap-net)--The Sean--Its length and depth--Modern use of the Sean--Method of fishing with the Sean practised by the Arabians and ancient Egyptians--Corks and leads--Figurative application of the Sean--Curious method of capturing an enemy practised by the Persians--Nets used in India to catch tortoises--Bag-nets and small purse-nets--Novel scent-bag of Verres the Sicilian prætor 436 LIST OF PLATES. I. Frontispiece--Chinese Looms. _to face page_ II. Egyptian Looms, with the Processes of Spinning and Winding, 93 III. Silk Worm, Cocoons, Chrysalis, Moths, and Pinna 118