The History of the Assassins, Derived from Oriental SourcesHammer-Purgstall, Joseph, Freiherr von
History
The History of the Assassins, Derived from Oriental Sources
Hammer-Purgstall, Joseph, Freiherr von
Assassins (Ismailites)
These gentlemen will allow me to observe, that if they had read with
attention my printed Memoir, and the report made by my esteemed
colleague, M. Ginguené, of the labours of the Ancient History and
Literature Class, since the 1st of July, 1808, they would have found
that there was no conjecture in it at all on my part. In fact, it
was in quoting different passages of Arabic authors, relating to the
enterprises undertaken at different periods by the Syrian Ismailites
against Saladin, that I proved to demonstration, that those writers
employed indifferently, in the same work, the names _Ismailites_,
_Batenites_, and _Haschischin_ (_Hashishin_), as synonymous; and that
the chief of this horde of ruffians, was called the Possessor of the
_Haschischa_ (_Hashisha_). I even took occasion to observe, that the
Byzantine writers called the Assassins _Chasisioi_; and that the Jew,
Benjamin of Tudela, names them in Hebrew, _Haschischin_ (_Hashishin_).
These facts being incontestable, I had to inquire what was this
_Haschisch_ or _Haschischa_ (_Hashish_ or _Hashisha_), possessed by
the chief of the Ismailites, from which these latter derived their
name of _Haschischin_ (_Hashishin_); and, certainly, it needed no
great stretch of imagination, to discover the _haschiseha_ of the
Ismailites in that of the Syrians and Egyptians of the present day. I
afterwards showed, by very positive historical testimony, that, at the
period when the Assassins signalized themselves by their atrocities and
murders, the use of intoxicating preparations made with hemp had not
yet been introduced among the Musulmans; lastly, I proved by a host
of facts, and the testimony of Marco Polo, that the _hashish_ was not
used among the Ismailites for the purpose of throwing those to whom
it was administered, into a state of madness and frenzy, during the
continuance of which they performed the most barbarous actions, almost
consciously; but, that it was a secret known only to the chief of the
sect, and which he employed, to deprive for a time of the use of their
reason, those young men, whom he wished, by means of every kind of
seduction, which could inflame the imagination and exalt the sense, to
inspire with blind obedience to his behests.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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