The History of the British Post OfficeHemmeon, Joseph Clarence
History
The History of the British Post Office
Hemmeon, Joseph Clarence
Postal service -- Great Britain -- History
From 1755 to the end of the century there is a marked rise both in gross
and net receipts and a comparative diminution in expenses. The gross
average annual product from 1755 to 1759 was £228,000, from 1790 to 1794
it was £602,000. For the five years from 1755 to 1759 the average yearly
net product was £81,000, from 1790 to 1794 it was £375,000, while
expenses had risen for the same periods only from £147,000 to £227,000.
The following table shows the average yearly increase or decrease in
gross product, expenses, and net products for the six five-year periods
from 1765 to 1794. The increases or decreases are given in the form of
percentages, each five-year period being compared with the preceding
period.[721]
_Gross product_ _Expenses_ _Net product_
1765-69 17% increase 22% decrease 76% increase
1770-74 11 " 27 increase unchanged
1775-79 12 " 30 " "
1780-84 19 " 37 " "
1785-89[722] 21 " 21 decrease 90% increase
1790-94 24 " 14 increase 30% "
[721] For the gross product, net product, and expenses for each year,
see Appendix, pp. 243, 244, 245, Tables I, II.
[722] Rates were increased in 1784.
The net product from both the Scotch and Irish Posts was remitted to
England. These receipts did not amount to much as compared with those
from the English Post. Earl Temple, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, in
writing to Grenville in 1784, said that the Irish post "had never paid
£8000 a year clear of expenses."[723] In 1796, the gross product was
£26,949 and the expenses of management £8718. Of the net product, £6651
were retained, being placed to the credit of Great Britain for returned
and missent letters and for the £4000 which the Irish Post was entitled
to receive in lieu of the receipts from the Holyhead packet boats. The
remaining £11,579 were sent to the general Post Office. The Scotch Posts
did considerably better. The gross product in 1796 was £69,338, the
expenses of management £14,346, for returned letters £1206, and the net
product sent to the General Office was £54,265.
[723] Hist. MSS. Com., _Dropmore_, i, p. 179.
The time had long since passed when the London-Dover road was the most
important in the kingdom and when the receipts from foreign exceeded
those from inland letters. As late as 1653, when contracts were called
for from those wishing to farm the posts, the amount offered in one
instance was almost as great for the foreign as for the inland post. The
average annual gross product from the foreign post for the period
1785-89 was £61,431, the expenses £32,169 and the net product £29,262.
For the period from 1790 to 1794 there was a small increase to £65,497
for gross product, £34,277 for expenses, and £31,200 for net
product.[724]
[724] _Parl. Papers_, 1812-13, _Rep. Com._, ii, 222, p. 93.
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