The History of the Confederate War, Its Causes and Its Conduct, Volume 1 (of 2): A Narrative and Critical HistoryEggleston, George Cary
History
The History of the Confederate War, Its Causes and Its Conduct, Volume 1 (of 2): A Narrative and Critical History
Eggleston, George Cary
United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865
The battle of Williamsburg was strategically of no consequence except
as a part of a campaign of delay. It would be an idle waste of space, a
needless taxing of the reader's attention, to recount its strategy in
detail. It is sufficient to say that after delaying McClellan's advance
for two days and inflicting a heavy loss upon him, the Confederates
withdrew in good order to the main defenses of Richmond.
McClellan now sent Franklin's division on transports to the White House
at the head of the York river, to establish there a secure base of
supplies. The whole army followed and by the sixteenth of May it was
concentrated there.
This was then the situation. McClellan lay at the White House within
twenty-four miles of Richmond. He had more nearly three than two men
to his adversary's one under his immediate command and he had an army
nearly equal to his enemy's, within two or three days' march ready to
reinforce him, or better still, to assail his adversary in flank.
A general of such enterprise as General Sheridan, or General Sherman,
or General Grant, or General Thomas, placed in such circumstances,
would unquestionably have pressed forward to the assault.
But McClellan's timid imagination swelled Johnston's force of 50,000 or
less to 120,000 or more and he hesitated. Instead of pushing forward
by the shortest roads to Richmond he scientifically "developed" his
force along the Chickahominy river to the north of Richmond, and, after
fortifying, made a requisition for reinforcements.
In the meanwhile "Stonewall" Jackson had achieved some brilliant
successes in the Shenandoah Valley which so far seemed to threaten
Washington with assault, that McDowell's force of 40,000 men was
recalled from its march to reinforce McClellan and sent to ward off
the danger of an advance upon the Federal capital by that peculiarly
energetic and enterprising commander.
But even without McDowell's expected reinforcement, McClellan had
greatly more than twice his adversary's force. It is impossible to
doubt that if he had been moved by anything like Grant's habitual and
determined impulse to "press things" he would promptly have hurled his
overwhelming force against his adversary's defensive lines.
McClellan, however, was not Grant nor such as he. He had a superior
skill in the theoretical science of war but an immeasurably inferior
capacity for war's practical work.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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